TC18 titanium was fabricated by Electron Beam Wire Deposition (EBWD). The distribution of crystal orientation and columnar structure of the alloy was investigated. The results show that the macrostructure of TC18 titanium consisted of large columnar grains orientated perpendicular to the workbench plane. The forming of columnar structure is a process of directly epitaxial growth of the β grains on the melt-pool bottom. Crystal orientation distribution has clear regularities, β-α phase structure transition has inherited characteristics. Most of the β grain with <001> direction present a strong fiber texture with orientation difference less than 10°. There are obvious characteristics among different columnar crystals and distribution direction for TD, LD and normal surface ND. Burgers orientation relation was strictly followed in the process of β→α. The lamella α phase precipitates within the same β grain satisfy the Burgers orientation relationship. There are 6 kinds of orientation for α phase in a columnar grain and there exists strong variant choice of orientations for β→α transformation process.