硅纳米带电弧等离子体的合成及其储锂电化学特性

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2016.288

材料研究学报

2017, Vol. 31

Issue (3): 161-167 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2016.288

研究论文

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硅纳米带电弧等离子体的合成及其储锂电化学特性

余洁意,高嵩,董星龙(

)

教育部三束材料改性重点实验室大连理工大学材料科学与工程学院大连 116024

Electrochemical Performance of Si Nanoribbons as Anode Material for Li-ion Battery Synthesized by Arc-discharge Plasma

Jieyi YU,Song GAO,Xinglong DONG(

)

Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China

引用本文:

余洁意,高嵩,董星龙. 硅纳米带电弧等离子体的合成及其储锂电化学特性[J]. 材料研究学报, 2017, 31(3): 161-167.
Jieyi YU, Song GAO, Xinglong DONG. Electrochemical Performance of Si Nanoribbons as Anode Material for Li-ion Battery Synthesized by Arc-discharge Plasma[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2017, 31(3): 161-167.

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摘要:

用直流电弧等离子体法在氢气和氦气混合气氛下制备了硅纳米带(Si NRs),使用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、X射线衍射光谱(XRD)、Raman光谱、X光电子能谱(XPS)等手段对Si NRs的形貌、结构及成分进行了表征。结果表明,这种硅纳米带(Si NRs)是由细小片状结构Si晶体沿一定的晶体学方向堆积而成的带状纳米结构,以聚结生长机制为主导。Si NRs的宽度约为28 nm、长度大于200 nm、厚度为6.2 nm,比表面积约为164 m²g^-1。文中深入探讨了Si NRs的形成机制。这种制备Si NRs的方法成本低,可商业化宏量生产,其产率约为18.6 gh^-1。将此Si NRs作为负极活性物质制备了锂离子电池,并测试其嵌/脱锂电化学性能。这种锂离子电池的首次放电比电容为2460 mAhg^-1,循环40次后其电容量维持在316 mAhg^-1,表现出较好的储锂电化学活性。

关键词 ：无机非金属材料, 硅纳米带, 直流电弧等离子体, 电化学反应, 锂离子电池, 负极材料

Abstract：

Silicon nanoribbons (Si-NRs) were successfully synthesized by direct-current (DC) arc-discharge plasma in a mixed atmosphere of hydrogen and helium, and then characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), etc.. This work provides a low cost preparation method for the synthesis of Si-NRs, and it could be commercially produced with a production rate of 18.6 gh^-1. The Si NRs consist of fine sheets of ca 28 nm in width, over 200 nm in length and ca 6.2 nm in thickness with specific surface area of 164 m²g^-1. The measured electrochemical performance of the Si-NRs as anode of lithium ion batteries reveals that the first discharge specific capacity is 2460 mAhg^-1 and it reaches to 316 mAhg^-1 after 40 cycles, which exhibits a high activity of insertion/desertion of Li⁺ ions and possible potentials for further improvement of the cycle stability.

Key words： inorganic non-metallic materials silicon nanoribbon direct-current arc-discharge electrochemical reaction lithium-ion battery anode material

收稿日期: 2016-05-26

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(51331006、51271044)

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2016.288 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2017/V31/I3/161

图1 Si NRs的TEM和HRTEM图、AFM图以及沿AFM图中绿色横线的水平截面分析图

图2 块体硅和Si NRs的XRD图谱、Raman图以及Si NRs的Si 2p电子XPS图谱和N2吸附-脱附曲线

图3 Si NRs锂离子电池负极材料的循环伏安图、最初两次充放电曲线以及初始和三次循环后的电化学阻抗谱

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