<strong>NiCo@C(N)/NC</strong>纳米复合物的制备及其吸波性能

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2024.039

材料研究学报

2025, Vol. 39

Issue (2): 126-136 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2024.039

研究论文

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NiCo@C(N)/NC纳米复合物的制备及其吸波性能

包秀坤¹, 史桂梅²(

)

1 沈阳工业大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110870
2 沈阳工业大学理学院沈阳 110870

Preparation and Microwave Absorption Properties of NiCo@C(N)/NC Nanocomposites

BAO Xiukun¹, SHI Guimei²(

)

1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
2 School of Science, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China

引用本文:

包秀坤, 史桂梅. NiCo@C(N)/NC纳米复合物的制备及其吸波性能[J]. 材料研究学报, 2025, 39(2): 126-136.
Xiukun BAO, Guimei SHI. Preparation and Microwave Absorption Properties of NiCo@C(N)/NC Nanocomposites[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2025, 39(2): 126-136.

全文: PDF(9593 KB) HTML

摘要:

采用电弧放电法和多巴胺原位自聚合热解法制备NiCo@C(N)/NC纳米复合物，使用X射线衍射、拉曼光谱、X射线电子能谱、透射电子显微镜和矢量网络分析仪等手段表征其物相组成、微观结构和电磁特性，研究了多巴胺含量对这种纳米复合物吸波性能的影响。结果表明，NiCo@C(N)与多巴胺质量比为1∶2的NiCo@C(N)/NC纳米复合物具有优异的吸波性能，在厚度为3.17 mm、频率6.61 GHz时其最佳反射损耗达到-38.87 dB。NiCo@C(N)/NC纳米复合物的匹配厚度为1.67 mm时，其有效吸收带宽达到4.93 GHz。NiCo@C(N)/NC纳米复合物的优异吸波性能，主要源于其双壳层氮掺杂碳构成的异质结构多界面极化、缺陷偶极子极化及形成的导电网络增强了介电响应能力。同时，适量的N掺杂石墨碳含量能调制纳米复合物的电磁参数，改善NiCo核和氮掺杂碳双壳层的电磁损耗协同作用和优化纳米复合物的阻抗匹配。

关键词 ：复合材料, 氮掺杂碳, NiCo合金, 微波吸收性能

Abstract：

Nanocomposites NiCo@C(N)/NC were fabricated by a two-step method, that is, NiCo@C(N) nanocapsules were first prepared by arc-discharge technique, next dopamine (DA) was self-polymerized on NiCo@C(N) surface, which then were subjected to post-heat treatment. The study focuses on the effect of the dopamine content on the microwave absorption performance of the nanocomposites. The acquired nanocomposites NiCo@C(N)/NC were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and vector network analyzer in terms of their phase composition, microstructure, and electromagnetic properties etc. The results show that the NiCo@C(N)/NC nanocomposites possess excellent wave-absorbing properties when the mass ratio of NiCo@C(N) to DA is 1∶2. Accordingly, the optimal reflection loss is -38.87 dB at a thickness of 3.17 mm and a frequency of 6.61 GHz. It achieves an effective absorption bandwidth of 4.93 GHz when the coating is matched to a thickness of 1.67 mm. The NiCo@C(N)/NC nanocomposites exhibit excellent wave absorbing performance due to the heterogeneous structure of N-doped carbon, defective induced dipole polarization, and the formation of a conductive network, all of which contribute to its high dielectric loss capability. Also, the appropriate amount of N-doped graphitic carbon can effectively improve the electromagnetic synergy effect between the NiCo core and the nitrogen-doped carbon double-shell, thus optimize the impedance matching of the nanocomposites.

Key words： composites N doping carbon NiCo alloys microwave absorption properties

收稿日期: 2024-01-16

ZTFLH:

TB332

基金资助:辽宁省自然科学基金(20180550564)

通讯作者: 史桂梅，教授，gmshi@sut.edu.cn，研究方向为纳米吸波材料的制备及性能

Corresponding author: SHI Guimei, Tel: (024)25496502, E-mail: gmshi@sut.edu.cn

作者简介: 包秀坤，女，1991年生，博士

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2024.039 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2025/V39/I2/126

图1 N0、N1、N2和N3纳米复合物的XRD谱

图2 N0、N1、N2和N3纳米复合物的Raman光谱

图3 N2的X射线电子能谱

图4 N0和N2的透射电镜像和高分辨透射电镜像

图5 N0、N1、N2和N3纳米复合物的复介电常数和磁导率与频率的关系

图6 N0、N1、N2和N3纳米复合物的反射损耗曲线

表1 文献中吸波材料的吸波性能

图7 N0、N1、N2和N3纳米复合物的Cole-Cole半圆图

图8 N0、N1、N2和N3纳米复合物的C0曲线

图9 N0、N1、N2和N3纳米复合物的阻抗匹配

图10 N0、N1、N2和N3纳米复合物的衰减系数

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