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Chinese Journal of Materials Research  2014, Vol. 28 Issue (6): 448-454    DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2014.119
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Synthesis and Tribological Performance of Guanidinium Ionic Liquids as Lubricants for Steel /Steel Contacts
Guiqin YU(),Jianjun LIU,Yongmin LIANG
College of Chemistry and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000
Cite this article: 

Guiqin YU,Jianjun LIU,Yongmin LIANG. Synthesis and Tribological Performance of Guanidinium Ionic Liquids as Lubricants for Steel /Steel Contacts. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2014, 28(6): 448-454.

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Abstract  

Two guanidinium ionic liquids were synthesized through a typical two-step way. The thermal stability of the ionic liquids was evaluated by a thermogravimetric analyzer. Their tribological properties were investigated in comparison with phosphazene, perfluorinated polyether and alkyl imidazole ionic liquid. The worn surface was examined by scanning electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer. The results show that guanidinium ionic liquids are the best lubricant among the tested lubricants for steel/steel contacts. With the guanidinium ionic liquids as lubricants for the steel/steel couples exhibit the strongest carrying capacity, the lowest friction coefficient and the smallest wear volume.
Key words:  foundational discipline in materials science      ionic liquids      tribological properties      steel/steel contacts     
Received:  14 March 2014     
Fund: *Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities No. lzujbky-2013-181.
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Guiqin YU
Jianjun LIU
Yongmin LIANG

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https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2014.119     OR     https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2014/V28/I6/448

Fig.1  Structural formula of lubricants, (a) guanidinium ionic liquids, (b) B106, (c) X-1P, (d) PFPE
Fig.2  Synthesis of guanidinium ionic liquids
Fig.3  TGA curves of guanidinium ionic liquids, (a) BDHG, (b) BDOG
Load/N Friction coefficient
Room temperature 150℃
BDHG BDOG B106 X-1P PFPE BDHG BDOG B106
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800 		0.060
0.061
0.060
0.052
0.055
0.051
0.055
0.052 		0.060
0.060
0.055
0.053
0.052
0.050
0.050
0.045 		0.061
0.070
0.060
0.065
0.061
-
-
- 		0.090
0.080
-
-
-
-
-
- 		0.125
0.113
0.110
-
-
-
-
- 		0.050
0.051
0.050
0.052
0.054
0.060
0.061
0.055 		0.051
0.045
0.040
0.040
0.061
-
-
- 		0.092
0.093
0.092
0.089
-
-
-
-
Table 1  Friction coefficient as a function of load
Load/N Wear volume loss / ×10-4 mm3
Room temperature 150℃
BDHG BDOG B106 X-1P PFPE BDHG BDOG B106
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800 		--
--
1.27
3.54
4.33
5.97
7.22
8.35 		--
--
--
--
0.95
1.91
2.62
4.61 		--
3.47
5.42
11.32
13.74
-
-
- 		1.62
4.57
-
-
-
-
-
- 		1.42
3.87
6.03
-
-
-
-
- 		4.29
17.89
20.30
23.32
24.71
25.78
26.32
27.39 		3.96
6.35
6.64
10.15
13.31
-
-
- 		6.15
34.48
176.79
250.27
-
-
-
-
Table 2  Wear volume loss as a function of load
Fig.4  SEM images of worn surface at room temperature under 100 N, (a) BDHG, (b) BDOG, (c) B106, (d) X-1P
Fig.5  XPS spectra of wear scars on steel discs at 500 N and room temperature
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