Creep Behavior of a High Strength Compacted Graphite Cast Iron

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2017.778

Chinese Journal of Materials Research

2019, Vol. 33

Issue (1): 43-52 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2017.778

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Creep Behavior of a High Strength Compacted Graphite Cast Iron

Yue WU,Jianping LI(

),Zhong YANG,Yongchun GUO,Zhijun MA,Minxian LIANG,Tong YANG,Dong TAO

Shaanxi Province Engineering Research Centre of Aluminium/Magniesum Light Alloy and Composites, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering，Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China

Cite this article:

Yue WU,Jianping LI,Zhong YANG,Yongchun GUO,Zhijun MA,Minxian LIANG,Tong YANG,Dong TAO. Creep Behavior of a High Strength Compacted Graphite Cast Iron. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2019, 33(1): 43-52.

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Abstract

The creep behavior of a high strength compacted graphite cast iron (CGI) containing Cu, Mo and Sn under tensile load of 40~150 MPa in air at 623~823 K was investigated, while the creep damage was observed and the relevant mechanism of deformation and fracture during creep test was further analyzed. When the ratio T/T_m＞0.5 (T represents test temperature, Tm melt point of CGI) and the load is greater than 150 MPa, the creep deformation is significant. The creep deformation consists of matrix deformation, initiation and development of creep cavities at grain boundaries and debondings of the interface graphite/matrix. With the increasing temperature and tensile load, the creep deformation is gradually changing from grain boundary sliding to intragranular deformation. Two kind of cracks were observed in the microstructure of CGI: (1) cracks propagated preferentially in ferrite phase and connected with adjacent debondings of the interface graphite/matrix, (2) microcracks caused by nucleation and growth of creep cavities along grain boundaries. It is worthy to mention that the 3D network of the vermicular graphite in CGI may facilitate the inward diffusion of oxygen atoms throughout the sample of CGI, therewith induces the oxidation of the above mentioned two type cracks. Due to the difference in properties between graphite with ferrite and pearlite respectively, the debonding occurance for the inerface of graphite/ferrite may be easier than that of graphite/pearlite. In addition, pearlite in the microstructure may decompose significantly at 773 K and 823 K for 100 h, as a result, the lamellar cementite should be converted to short rods and granules at grain boundaries.

Key words: metallic materials compacted graphite cast iron creep deformation creep fracture creep-oxidation crack pearlite decomposition

Received: 03 January 2018

ZTFLH:

TG14

Fund: National Basic Research Program of China(61322402)

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	Articles by authors
	Yue WU
	Jianping LI
	Zhong YANG
	Yongchun GUO
	Zhijun MA
	Minxian LIANG
	Tong YANG
	Dong TAO

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https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2017.778 OR https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2019/V33/I1/43

Table 1 Chemical composition of experimental CGI (mass fraction, %)

Fig.1 Schematic illustration of wedge-shape sample of CGI

Fig.2 Diagram of creep sample of CGI (unit: mm)

Fig.3 As-cast microstructure of CGI

Fig.4 Tensile property of CGI at different temperatures

Fig.5 Creep curve of CGI at different temperatures under load of 150 MPa

Fig.6 Creep strain curves of CGI under different loads (a) 773 K; (b) 823 K

Fig.7 Steady creep rate of CGI at different temperatures under load of 150 MPa

Fig.8 Steady creep rates of CGI at different loads (a) 773 K; (b) 823 K

Fig.9 Microstructure of CGI after creep test (a) 823 K, 40 MPa, 100 h； (b) 723 K, 150 MPa, 100 h

Fig.10 Various damage morphologies caused by creep in the microstructure of CGI (a) 773 K, 140 MPa, 100 h； (b) 773 K, 150 MPa, 100 h； (c) 823 K, 150 MPa, 9.5 h

Table 2 Homologous temperature of CGI during creep test

Fig.11 Oxidation in subsurface of CGI (a) 823 K and 150 MPa for 9.5 h; (b) 823 K and 100 MPa for 100 h

Fig.12 Creep-oxidized crack along various grain boundaries of CGI at 773 K and 150 MPa for 100 h：(a)ferrite grain boundary；(b)pearlite grain boundary；(c)graphite/ferrite/pearlite grain boundary

Fig.13 The schematic illustration of creep-oxidation interaction of CGI: (a) stress concentration; (b) micro-crack generating;(c) creep-oxidation interaction

Fig.14 Surficial microcrack caused by graphite falling off

Fig.15 Extending of creep crack (a)crack extending in ferrite and merging with crack between graphite and matrix at 823 K and 130 MPa for 22 h；(b)creep crack extending was hampered by pearlite at 773 K and 150 MPa for 100 h

Fig.16 Schematic illustration of creep crack extending in the microstructure of CGI

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