Research Progress in Preparation of Porous Metal Materials by Alloy Phase Separation

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2022.497

Chinese Journal of Materials Research

2023, Vol. 37

Issue (8): 561-570 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2022.497

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Research Progress in Preparation of Porous Metal Materials by Alloy Phase Separation

YOU Baodong¹^,², ZHU Mingwei¹(

), YANG Pengju²^,³, HE Jie²^,³(

)

^1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China
^2.Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
^3.School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China

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YOU Baodong, ZHU Mingwei, YANG Pengju, HE Jie. Research Progress in Preparation of Porous Metal Materials by Alloy Phase Separation. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2023, 37(8): 561-570.

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Abstract

This review summarizes the recent research progress in the preparation of porous metal materials by alloy phase separation. Combined with the phase separation mechanism of the alloy, the formation mechanism of the porous structure during the phase separation process was discussed based on the interfacial spinodal decomposition and diffusion-coupled growth. The effect of phase-separated alloy system, composition change and process parameter on the characteristics such as morphology, porosity and ligament size of the porous structure were systematically analyzed. Furthermore, the properties of phase-separated porous metal materials and their application prospects in the fields of catalysis, electrolytic capacitors, and biomedicine are summarized due to their large specific surface area and interconnected ligaments. Finally, the research and development trend of the preparation of porous metals by alloy phase separation is proposed.

Key words: review metallic materials porous metals alloy phase separation

Received: 14 September 2022

ZTFLH:

TB383

Fund: National Natural Science Foundation of China(52174380);National Natural Science Foundation of China(52174380);Space Utilization System of China Manned Space Engineering(KJZ-YY-NCL06);Scientific Instrument Developing Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(YJKYYQ20210012)

Corresponding Authors: HE Jie, Tel:(024)83973120, E-mail: jiehe@imr.ac.cn;
ZHU Mingwei,Tel:(024)89724198, E-mail: mwzhu@sau.edu.cn

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Fig.1 Typical phase diagram of A-B binary phase-separated alloy

Fig. 2 Mechanism of alloy phase separation to form porous structure (a) stable state of precursor; (b) interfacial spinodal decomposition leading to interfacial instability; (c) diffusion-coupled mechanisms form porous frameworks; (d) generation of continuous porous structure

Fig.3 SEM image of the ordered single crystal nanowires at the reaction front^[34]

Fig.4 Mixing enthalpy relationship of A, B and C in the alloy phase separation system

Table 1 Mixing enthalpy between common metals ΔH_mix (kJ/mol)^[36]

Table 2 Summary of the preparation of porous materials produced by alloy phase separation

Fig.5 Different soluble fraction Ti content (a) 95%; (b) 85%; (c) 75%; (d) 65%^[26]

Fig.6 Effect of precursor composition on porosity

Fig.7 Schematic diagram of the formation of hierarchical fractal porous FeCr structure (a~c) and enlarged SEM images of porous FeCr (d, e)^[53]

Fig.8 SEM micrographs of porous Nb prepared by liquid metal Mg dealloying with Ni₆₀Nb₄₀ ribbon precursor under different process parameters^[33]

Fig.9 Relationship between yield strength and Young's modulus of Ti-based porous materials

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