Effect of Welding Heat Source Mode on Microstructure and Properties of Weld Joints for 5083-H111 Al-alloy

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2024.140

Chinese Journal of Materials Research

2025, Vol. 39

Issue (4): 305-313 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2024.140

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Effect of Welding Heat Source Mode on Microstructure and Properties of Weld Joints for 5083-H111 Al-alloy

FU Chunguo¹^,², XU Shiwei¹^,², YANG Xiaoyi¹^,²(

), LI Mengnie¹^,²(

)

^1.Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, China
^2.Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Computational Materials Engineering for Advanced Light Metals, Kunming 650032, China

Cite this article:

FU Chunguo, XU Shiwei, YANG Xiaoyi, LI Mengnie. Effect of Welding Heat Source Mode on Microstructure and Properties of Weld Joints for 5083-H111 Al-alloy. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2025, 39(4): 305-313.

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Abstract

5083 Al-alloy with high strength, good corrosion resistance and thermal stability, is widely used in welding manufacturing. In this paper, by setting the same welding heat input, the welded joints of 5083-H111 Al-alloy sheets were prepared by gas metal arc welding techniques with the applying either pulsed direct current or constant direct current, respectively. Then the effect of welding techniques on the formation, microstructure and mechanical properties of welded joints were studied via metalloscopy, material mechanics testing machine, microhardness tester, and scanning electron microscope with EDS. The results indicate that the pulsed GMAW welds are smoother with better appearance, indicating that the arc pulses can partially inhibit the porosity formation of the weld joints. The area of columnar crystals formed in the Pulsed GMAW welds is larger, indicating that the temperature gradient of the molten pool is larger during pulsed arc welding. The mechanical properties of the weld joints were similar for the two current modes, which presented the joint strengths about 288~303 MPa corresponding to 90% that of the base metal. Fractures of the tensile samples occur in the weld metal, and the fracture surfaces reveal dimples. The decrease of weld strength is attributed to the presence of coarse grains and porosity.

Key words: metallic materials P-GMAW CC-GMAW macro forming mechanical properties microstructure

Received: 01 April 2024

ZTFLH:

TG444

Fund: Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(202501AT070354);Key Research & Development Program of Yunnan Province(202203AE140011)

Corresponding Authors: YANG Xiaoyi, Tel: (0871)65915828, E-mail: yangxiaoyi@kust.edu.cnLI Mengnie, Tel: (0871)65109952, E-mail: limengnie@kust.edu.cn

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https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2024.140 OR https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2025/V39/I4/305

Table 1 Main chemical compositions of 5083-H111 aluminum alloy and ER5087 welding wire (mass fraction, %)

Table 2 Welding process parameters

Fig.1 Sampling diagram (unit: mm)

Fig.2 Welding current and voltage waveforms (a) P-GMAW I, (b) P-GMAW II, (c) CC-GMAW I, (d) CC-GMAW II

Fig.3 Macro forming diagram (a, b) P-GMAW, (c, d) CC-GMAW

Table 3 Weld porosity for different welding modes

Fig.4 Microstructure of weld section (a) P-GMAW I, (b) P-GMAW II, (c) CC-GMAW I, (d) CC-GMAW II

Fig.5 Relationship between microstructure and G and R

Table 4 Welded microstructure statistics

Fig.6 Welded and base metal microstructure (a) P-GMAW I microstructure, (b) Base metal, (c, d) P-GMAW I welded, (e, f) CC-GMAW I welded

Fig.7 EDS diagram of P-GMAW I welded microstructure

Fig.8 Hardness distribution of the joint section (a) P-GMAW I, (b) P-GMAW II, (c) CC-GMAW I, (d) CC-GMAW II

Fig.9 Stress-strain curves of welded joint and base metal

Fig.10 Fracture microstructures (a) P-GMAW I, (b) P-GMAW II, (c) CC-GMAW I, (d) CC-GMAW II, (e) base metal

Fig.11 Statistical figure of fine grain strengthening effect of weld and base metal

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