Ablation Properties and Mechanisms of C/ZrC-SiC Composites with Pyrolytic Carbon Interlayer of Different Thickness

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2021.148

Chinese Journal of Materials Research

2022, Vol. 36

Issue (7): 489-499 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2021.148

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Ablation Properties and Mechanisms of C/ZrC-SiC Composites with Pyrolytic Carbon Interlayer of Different Thickness

YANG Xiaohui¹^,²(

), LI Kezhi¹, BAI Longteng², GUO Yawei²

^1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
^2.Xi'an Aerospace Propulsion Institute, Xi'an 710010, China

Cite this article:

YANG Xiaohui, LI Kezhi, BAI Longteng, GUO Yawei. Ablation Properties and Mechanisms of C/ZrC-SiC Composites with Pyrolytic Carbon Interlayer of Different Thickness. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2022, 36(7): 489-499.

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Abstract

Composites of C/ZrC-SiC with pyrolytic carbon (PyC) interlayers of different thickness, namely, S5-C/ZrC-SiC, S15-C/ZrC-SiC, S30-C/ZrC-SiC, and S50-C/ZrC-SiC were prepared by adjusting the deposition time. The variation of density, microstructure and ablation properties of C/ZrC-SiC composites with interlayer PyC of different thickness was systematically studied. The results show that with the increasing thickness of interlayer PyC, the density and porosity of C/ZrC-SiC composites decrease, but the content of the pioneer impregnation pyrolysis ZrC matrix decreases first and then increases. As for 20 s short time oxyacetylene ablation, S30-C/ZrC-SiC composites presents the best ablation performance, and its mass ablation rates and linear ablation rates are -0.84 mg/s and 3.00 μm/s, respectively; while for 60 s long time cycle ablation test, S15-C/ZrC-SiC composites has the best ablation performance, and its mass ablation rates and linear ablation rates are 1.22 mg/s and 3.80 μm/s, respectively. The mechanism for the 20 s oxyacetylene ablation of C/ZrC-SiC composites may be ascribed to mechanical erosion, while for the second 60 s oxyacetylene ablation of C/ZrC-SiC composites, the ablation mechanism may be described as that the ablation process changes from mechanical erosion to thermo-physical and thermo-chemical ablation.

Key words: composite pyrolytic carbon interface ablation behaviors ablation mechanisms

Received: 24 February 2021

ZTFLH:

TB322

Fund: National Natural Science Foundation of China(U51521061);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51772247)

About author: YANG Xiaohui, Tel: 15877384137, E-mail: yangxiaohui925@163.com

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https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2021.148 OR https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2022/V36/I7/489

Table 1 Weight gain rates before and after PyC interface deposition

Fig.1 SEM images of PyC interface layer fabricated by different deposition time (a) S5; (b) S15; (c) S30; (d) S50

Table 2 PyC, SiC and ZrC content, density and open porosity of C/ZrC-SiC composites

Fig.2 Cross sectional SEM images of C/ZrC-SiC composites with different PyC interface thickness (a) S5; (b) S15; (c) S30; (d) S50

Fig.3 20 s ablation properties of C/ZrC-SiC composites with different PyC interface thickness mass and linear ablation rates; (b) ablation temperature curves

Fig.4 Macrographs of C/ZrC-SiC composites with different PyC interface thickness after 20 s ablation (a) S5; (b) S15; (c) S30; (d) S50

Fig.5 XRD patterns of C/ZrC-SiC composites with different PyC interface thickness after 20 s ablation

Fig.6 SEM images of naked fibers in the ablation center of C/ZrC-SiC composites with different PyC interface thickness (a) S5; (b) S15; (c) S30; (d) S50

Fig.7 SEM micrograph and EDS analysis of 20 s ablation samples of S50-C/ZrC-SiC composites (a) lower multiple ablation micrograph; (b) edge region micrograph and EDS analysis results; (c) enlargement view of region 1 in figure (b); (d) enlargement view of region 2 in figure (b); (e) micrograph and EDS analysis results of transition region A; (f) enlargement view of region 3 in figure (e); (g) micrograph and EDS analysis results of transition region B; (h) enlargement view of region 4 in Fig. (g)

Fig.8 Macrographs of C/ZrC-SiC composites with different interface thickness after another 60 s ablation (a) S5; (b) S15; (c) S30; (d) S50

Table 3 60 s and 20 s ablation performance of C/ZrC-SiC composites with different PyC interface thickness

Fig.9 Conductivity of C/ZrC-SiC composite with different PyC interface thickness

Table 4 Mechanical erosion resistance and oxidation ablation resistance of C/ZrC-SiC composites with different PyC interface thickness

Fig.10 Linear thermal expansion rates between C/ZrC-SiC composites with different PyC interface thicknesses and ZrO₂

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