Composition Design of Reduced Activation Ferritic/Martensitic (RAFM) Steels Based on Cluster Structure Model

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2014.134

Chinese Journal of Materials Research

2014, Vol. 28

Issue (8): 594-600 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2014.134

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Composition Design of Reduced Activation Ferritic/Martensitic (RAFM) Steels Based on Cluster Structure Model

Yao SHI,Qing WANG(

),Qun LI,Chuang DONG

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Materials Modification, Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024

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Yao SHI,Qing WANG,Qun LI,Chuang DONG. Composition Design of Reduced Activation Ferritic/Martensitic (RAFM) Steels Based on Cluster Structure Model. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2014, 28(8): 594-600.

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Abstract

The composition characteristics of reduced activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steels were investigated using a cluster-plus-glue-atom model. The basic cluster formula [Cr-Fe₁₄](Cr_0.5Fe_0.5) was determined, where the cluster part [Cr-Fe₁₄] is a rhombic dodecahedron centered by Cr and surrounded by 14 Fe atoms. According to the principle related with self-consistent magnification of cluster formula and similar element substitution, two multi-component alloys were designed by adding V, Mn, Mo, W, Nb and C into [Cr-Fe₁₄](Cr_0.5Fe_0.5) i.e.[Cr₁₆Fe₂₂₄](Cr₈(V, Nb, Mn, Mo, W, Fe)₈) and {[Cr₁₆Fe₂₂₄](Cr₈(V, Nb, Mn, Mo, W, Fe)₈)}C₁. Alloy rods with a diameter of 6 mm were prepared by copper mould suction casting method, then normalized at 1323 K for 0.5 h and tempered at 1023 K for 1 h, both followed by water-quenching. The experimental results revealed that the substitutional solid solution alloys without C exhibit a monolithic ferrite microstructure and that of the other serial alloys with C varies with alloying elements and their contents. The microhardness (HV) of alloys changes with microstructures, and furthermore, while the HV of substitutional solid solution alloys decreases monotonously with the increase of the valence electron concentration per volume VEC/R_a³.

Key words: metallic materials Fe-based alloys reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steels cluster structure model composition design

Received: 24 March 2014

Fund: *Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China No. 51171035, ShenGu Research Fund, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities No.DUT14LAB12.

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https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2014.134 OR https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2014/V28/I8/594

Fig.1 CN14 rhombic dodecahedron cluster in BCC structure, where the solute Cr is located in the cluster center and surrounded by fourteen base Fe in Fe-Cr, forming [Cr-Fe₁₄] cluster

Table 1 Compositions of typical RAFM steels and corresponding cluster formulas

Fig.2 Fe-Cr binary phase diagram

Table 2 Compositions, microstructure and micro-hardness of designed alloys

Fig.3 XRD patterns of heat-treated[Cr₁₆Fe₂₂₄](Cr₈(V, Nb, Mn, Mo, W, Fe)₈) (a) and {[Cr₁₆Fe₂₂₄](Cr₈(V, Nb, Mn, Mo, W, Fe)₈)}C₁ (b) alloys

Fig.4 OM images of heat-treated alloy series

Table 3 Valence electron contributions and Goldschmidt atomic radii of elements in designed alloys.

Fig.5 Variation of HV vs. VEC/R_a³ of the designed alloy series

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