激光冲击强化对 AlxCoCrFeNi高熵合金激光熔覆层组织及耐磨性能的影响

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2026.120

材料研究学报

2026, Vol. 40

Issue (9): 710-720 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2026.120

研究论文

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激光冲击强化对 Al_xCoCrFeNi高熵合金激光熔覆层组织及耐磨性能的影响

刘志辉¹, 张世一¹(

), 邹爱华¹, 张凱尧², 曾卓¹, 张世翼¹, 涂嘉剑¹, 严旭¹

^1.南昌航空大学材料科学与工程学院南昌 330063
^2.中国航发中传机械有限公司长沙 410200

Effect of Laser Shock Peening on Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Al_xCoCrFeNi High Entropy Alloy Laser Cladding Layer

LIU Zhihui¹, ZHANG Shiyi¹(

), ZOU Aihua¹, ZHANG Kaiyao², ZENG Zhuo¹, ZHANG Shiyi¹, TU Jiajian¹, YAN Xu¹

^1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
^2.China Aerospace Transmission Machinery Co., Ltd., Changsha 410200, China

引用本文:

刘志辉, 张世一, 邹爱华, 张凱尧, 曾卓, 张世翼, 涂嘉剑, 严旭. 激光冲击强化对 Al_xCoCrFeNi高熵合金激光熔覆层组织及耐磨性能的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(9): 710-720.
Zhihui LIU, Shiyi ZHANG, Aihua ZOU, Kaiyao ZHANG, Zhuo ZENG, Shiyi ZHANG, Jiajian TU, Xu YAN. Effect of Laser Shock Peening on Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Al_xCoCrFeNi High Entropy Alloy Laser Cladding Layer[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2026, 40(9): 710-720.

全文: PDF(18387 KB) HTML

摘要:

用激光熔覆在304不锈钢基材表面制备了Al_xCoCrFeNi (x = 0、 0.3和0.7)高熵合金层，并对其进行了激光冲击强化处理。表征了激光冲击前后熔覆层的物相组成、微观结构、元素分布、显微硬度及耐磨性能。结果表明，经激光冲击后，Al_xCoCrFeNi熔覆层的物相组成不变，熔覆层中上部区域出现了塑性变形区(冲击影响区)，随着Al元素含量的增加，熔覆层物相由单相FCC (Al₀, Al_0.3)转变为FCC+BCC (Al_0.7)，且熔覆层均由底部的柱状晶和中上部的等轴晶组成；熔覆层(x = 0、0.3和0.7)硬度分别提升了53.9%、42.1%和25.8%；磨损率和摩擦系数均随之降低，x = 0.7时耐磨性能最优，磨损率最小为4.29 × 10^-5 mm³/(N·m)，摩擦系数为0.542。x = 0和x = 0.3时熔覆层主要磨损机制为粘着磨损和磨粒磨损，x = 0.7时磨损机制仍以磨粒磨损为主，但磨损表面的裂纹和剥落减少。

关键词 ：金属材料, 激光冲击强化, 高熵合金, 激光熔覆, 耐磨性能, 磨损机制

Abstract：

To investigate the strengthening effect of laser shock processing on Al_xCoCrFeNi (x = 0, 0.3, and 0.7) cladding layers with different Al contents, Al_xCoCrFeNi (x = 0, 0.3, and 0.7) high-entropy alloy layers were prepared on the surface of a 304 stainless steel substrate by laser cladding and subsequently subjected to laser shock processing for strengthening. The phase composition, microstructure, element distribution, microhardness, and wear resistance of the cladding layer were characterized before and after laser shock processing. The results showed that the phase composition of the Al_xCoCrFeNi cladding layer remained unchanged after laser shock processing. A plastic deformation zone (impact-affected zone) was observed in the upper part of the cladding layer. With increasing Al content, the phase of the cladding layer transitioned from single-phase FCC (Al₀ and Al_0.3) to FCC+BCC (Al_0.7), and the cladding layer was composed of columnar crystals at the bottom and equiaxed crystals in the middle and upper parts. The hardness of the cladding layers (x = 0, 0.3, and 0.7) increased by 53.9%, 42.1%, and 25.8%, respectively. Both the wear rate and friction coefficient decreased accordingly. At x = 0.7, the optimal wear resistance was achieved, with the wear rate reaching a minimum of 4.29 × 10^-5 mm³/(N·m) and the friction coefficient reaching 0.542. The main wear mechanisms of the cladding layers at x = 0 and x = 0.3 were adhesive and abrasive wear. At x = 0.7, the wear mechanism remained dominated by abrasive wear, while the cracks and spalling on the worn surface decreased.

Key words： metallic materials laser shock peening high-entropy alloy laser cladding abrasive resistance wear mechanism

收稿日期: 2026-02-05

ZTFLH:

TG178

基金资助:江西省自然基金项目(20262BAC240202);重庆市工业在线检测装备工程技术研究中心开放基金(AWJ-23R03)

通讯作者: 张世一，讲师，zsy4141@126.com，研究方向为激光表面改性

Corresponding author: ZHANG Shiyi, Tel: 15564864041, E-mail: zsy4141@126.com

作者简介: 刘志辉，男，2000年生，硕士

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	刘志辉
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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2026.120 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2026/V40/I9/710

表1 304不锈钢的化学成分

表2 激光熔覆实验工艺参数

图1 激光冲击强化路径及激光冲击前后AlxCoCrFeNi系高熵合金熔覆层表面形貌

表3 激光冲击强化实验工艺参数

图2 AlxCoCrFeNi系高熵合金熔覆层XRD结果及激光冲击后对比结果

图3 激光冲击前后AlxCoCrFeNi系高熵合金熔覆层截面中上部SEM图

图4 激光冲击前后Al0.3CoCrFeNi高熵合金熔覆层IPF和晶粒尺寸分布图

表4 激光冲击前后AlxCoCrFeNi系高熵合金熔覆层截面中上部EDS点扫结果

图5 激光冲击前后Al0.7CoCrFeNi高熵合金熔覆层中上部面扫描和元素分布

图6 激光冲击前后AlxCoCrFeNi高熵合金熔覆层显微硬度图

图7 激光冲击前后AlxCoCrFeNi系高熵合金熔覆层摩擦系数对比

图8 激光冲击前后AlxCoCrFeNi系高熵合金熔覆层平均摩擦系数及磨损率对比

图9 激光冲击前后AlxCoCrFeNi系高熵合金熔覆层磨损表面SEM图

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