奥氏体化温度对含铜高碳马氏体不锈钢的组织和性能的影响

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2023.186

材料研究学报

2024, Vol. 38

Issue (2): 121-129 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2023.186

研究论文

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奥氏体化温度对含铜高碳马氏体不锈钢的组织和性能的影响

郝文俊¹, 敬和民¹(

), 席通²(

), 杨春光², 杨柯²

^1.安徽工业大学材料科学与工程学院马鞍山 243000
^2.中国科学院金属研究所师昌绪先进材料创新中心沈阳 110016

Effect of Austenitizing Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of High Carbon Cu-bearing Martensitic Stainless Steel

HAO Wenjun¹, JING Hemin¹(

), XI Tong²(

), YANG Chunguang², YANG Ke²

^1.School of Materials Science and Engineering. Anhui University of Technology, Ma Anshan 243000, China
^2.Shi -changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research. Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China

引用本文:

郝文俊, 敬和民, 席通, 杨春光, 杨柯. 奥氏体化温度对含铜高碳马氏体不锈钢的组织和性能的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2024, 38(2): 121-129.
Wenjun HAO, Hemin JING, Tong XI, Chunguang YANG, Ke YANG. Effect of Austenitizing Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of High Carbon Cu-bearing Martensitic Stainless Steel[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2024, 38(2): 121-129.

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摘要:

使用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等手段对高碳马氏体不锈钢进行表征，研究了添加铜(Cu)对其在不同奥氏体化温度下组织的变化，并分析了其强韧性和耐蚀性。结果表明：随着奥氏体化温度的升高合金中碳化物的含量降低，残余奥氏体的含量提高。Cu的添加促进了分布在基体上的小尺寸碳化物的析出，且使合金中残余奥氏体的含量显著提高。残余奥氏体的软化作用大于马氏体的强化作用，使含Cu高碳马氏体不锈钢的硬度稍有降低，但是其室温冲击功由8Cr18MoV的1.5 J提高到8Cr18MoV-3.1Cu的9.1 J，其韧性也大幅度提高。同时，残余奥氏体的增加使含Cu钢的自腐蚀电位有所降低。

关键词 ：金属材料, 含铜高碳马氏体不锈钢, 奥氏体化, 硬度, 耐蚀性, 残余奥氏体

Abstract：

The effect of copper (Cu) addition on the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of high carbon Cu-bearing martensitic stainless steels, being subjected to austenitizing treatment at different temperatures was investigated by means of optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscope, (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results show that the fraction of carbides decreases and the content of retained austenite increases gradually with the increase of austenitizing temperature. The addition of Cu has a positive effect on the amount of precipitation for small size carbides, which distributed in the matrix, and increases the retained austenite significantly. The hardness of high carbon Cu-bearing martensitic stainless steel decreases slightly after Cu addition, because the softening effect of retained austenite is greater than the strengthening effect of martensite. Meanwhile, the impact absorption energy increase from 1.5 J to 9.1 J, indicating that the toughness of the steel was enhanced significantly. Besides, the free-corrosion potential of the Cu-bearing stainless steels decreases due to the increase of retained austenite volume fraction.

Key words： metallic materials martensitic stainless steel austenitizing temperature hardness corrosion resistance retained austenite

收稿日期: 2023-03-20

ZTFLH:

TG161

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(52101293)

通讯作者: 席通，副研究员，txi@imr.ac.cn，研究方向为抗菌金属的成分设计及变形工艺;
敬和民，教授，jinghemin@.ahut.edu.cn，研究方向为抗菌金属材料和表面工程研究

Corresponding author: XI Tong, Tel: (024)23971899, E-mail: txi@imr.ac.cn;
JING Hemin, Tel: (0555)2311570, E-mail: jinghemin@.ahut.edu.cn

作者简介: 郝文俊，男，1996年生，硕士

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表1 实验用钢的化学成分

图1 8Cr18MoV及8Cr18MoV-3.1Cu在不同奥氏体化温度下的金相组织照片

图2 8Cr18MoV、8Cr18MoV-2.0Cu和8Cr18MoV-3.1Cu在不同奥氏体化温度下的显微组织照片

图3 实验用钢在不同奥氏体化温度下碳化物的含量、小尺寸(< 1 μm)碳化物的变化趋势以及1075℃奥氏体化温度下8Cr18MoV和8Cr18MoV-3.1Cu中碳化物的类型

图4 1075℃奥氏体化温度下8Cr18MoV-2.0Cu中碳化物的TEM照片

图5 不同奥氏体化温度下8Cr18MoV、8Cr18MoV-2.0Cu以及8Cr18MoV-3.1Cu的XRD谱和残余奥氏体含量的变化

图6 实验用钢在1075℃奥氏体化温度下的IPF图及其对应的相含量

图7 试验用钢在不同温度下的硬度和硬度-冲击功的变化趋势

图8 实验钢在1075℃奥氏体化温度下的冲击断口形貌

图9 8Cr18MoV在不同奥氏体化温度下及8Cr18MoV-2.0Cu和8Cr18MoV-3.1Cu在1075℃奥氏体化温度下的动电位极化曲线和电化学参数变化曲线

表2 不同材料的电化学参数

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