B4C-Al2O3 复合陶瓷的增韧机理

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2023.521

材料研究学报

2024, Vol. 38

Issue (8): 614-620 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2023.521

研究论文

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B₄C-Al₂O₃ 复合陶瓷的增韧机理

张巍¹(

), 张杰¹^,²

^1.中国科学院金属研究所沈阳材料科学国家研究中心沈阳 110016
^2.沈阳工业大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110870

Toughening Mechanism of B₄C-Al₂O₃ Composite Ceramics

ZHANG Wei¹(

), ZHANG Jie¹^,²

^1.Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
^2.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China

引用本文:

张巍, 张杰. B₄C-Al₂O₃ 复合陶瓷的增韧机理[J]. 材料研究学报, 2024, 38(8): 614-620.
Wei ZHANG, Jie ZHANG. Toughening Mechanism of B₄C-Al₂O₃ Composite Ceramics[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2024, 38(8): 614-620.

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摘要:

在碳化硼(B₄C)陶瓷中加入第二相Al₂O₃，研究其对B₄C陶瓷断裂韧性的影响和B₄C-Al₂O₃复合陶瓷的增韧机理。结果表明，在B₄C陶瓷中引入第二相Al₂O₃使B₄C陶瓷的断裂韧性提高。Al₂O₃加入量为40% (质量分数)的B₄C-Al₂O₃复合陶瓷，其断裂韧性达到最大值4.96 MPa·m^1/2。B₄C-Al₂O₃复合陶瓷的增韧机理是，在B₄C-Al₂O₃复合陶瓷中裂纹的扩展过程中Al₂O₃晶粒形成了解理结构。这种解理结构，延长了裂纹扩展的路径和消耗了部分裂纹扩展能。同时，Al₂O₃晶粒与B₄C晶粒之间因热膨胀失配而产生了残余应力。虽然B₄C晶粒内的压应力有利于抑制裂纹的扩展，但是B₄C晶粒与Al₂O₃晶粒的相界处产生的张应力在一定程度上弱化相界的结合而使部分裂纹在扩展过程中沿晶扩展出现偏转，从而使B₄C-Al₂O₃复合陶瓷的断裂韧性提高。

关键词 ：无机非金属材料, 断裂韧性, B₄C-Al₂O₃复合陶瓷, 解理结构, 热膨胀失配, 裂纹扩展

Abstract：

B₄C ceramics has extremely high hardness, but its fracture toughness is low. In order to improve the fracture toughness of B₄C ceramics, the effect of introducing the second phase Al₂O₃ on the fracture toughness of B₄C ceramics is studied, and the toughening mechanism of B₄C-Al₂O₃ composite ceramics is explored. The results indicate that the addition of Al₂O₃ as the second phase can improve the fracture toughness of B₄C ceramics. Among others, the fracture toughness of B₄C-Al₂O₃ composite ceramics with 40%Al₂O₃reaches a maximum value of 4.96 MPa·m^1/2. The toughening mechanism of B₄C-Al₂O₃ composite ceramics is that Al₂O₃ grains experience cleavage cracking during the crack propagation, increasing the path of crack propagation; thus, part of crack propagation energy is consumed. Meanwhile, residual stress is generated between Al₂O₃ grains and B₄C grains due to their thermal expansion mismatch. On the one hand, the compressive stress inside B₄C grains is beneficial for inhibiting crack propagation. On the other hand, the tensile stress generated at the phase boundary between B₄C grains and Al₂O₃ grains weakens the bonding of the phase boundary to some extent, leading to some cracks propagating along the phase boundary during the propagation process; therefore, some cracks are deflected, and so the fracture toughness of B₄C-Al₂O₃ composite ceramics is improved.

Key words： inorganic non-metallic materials fracture toughness B₄C-Al₂O₃ composite ceramics cleavage structure thermal expansion mismatch crack propagation

收稿日期: 2023-10-24

ZTFLH:

TB321

基金资助:辽宁省自然科学基金(2022-MS-013);中国科学院金属研究所自主部署项目(E255L401);沈阳材料科学国家研究中心青年人才项目(E21SL412)

通讯作者: 张巍，副研究员，cnzhangwei2008@126.com，研究方向为无机非金属材料结构和物性等

Corresponding author: ZHANG Wei, Tel: 15542342305, email: cnzhangwei2008@126.com

作者简介: 张巍，男，1982年生，博士

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2023.521 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2024/V38/I8/614

表1 B4C-Al2O3复合陶瓷的成分设计(质量分数，%)

图1 B4C-Al2O3复合陶瓷的XRD谱

表2 B4C-Al2O3复合陶瓷的相对密度和晶粒尺寸

图2 A4试样的表面形貌

图3 A3试样中晶粒的形貌

图4 B4C-Al2O3复合陶瓷的断裂韧性

图5 A1和A3试样断裂韧性的表面形貌

图6 B4C-Al2O3复合陶瓷用单边切口梁法测试断裂韧性试样的断口形貌图

图7 A4试样的高分辨透射电镜照片和B4C-Al2O3复合陶瓷中应力分布示意图

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