玻璃纤维基隔热多孔陶瓷的制备及其对中子的屏蔽性能

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2023.294

材料研究学报

2024, Vol. 38

Issue (6): 471-480 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2023.294

研究论文

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玻璃纤维基隔热多孔陶瓷的制备及其对中子的屏蔽性能

吴倩芳¹, 何群¹, 常兵¹, 全宇鑫¹, 胡敬文¹, 李赛赛¹(

), 曹迎楠²

^1.安徽工业大学材料科学与工程学院马鞍山 243002
^2.中钢洛阳耐火材料研究院洛阳 471309

Preparation and Neutron Shielding Properties of Fiberglass Based Thermal Insulating Porous Ceramics

WU Qianfang¹, HE Qun¹, CHANG Bing¹, QUAN Yuxin¹, HU Jingwen¹, LI Saisai¹(

), CAO Yingnan²

^1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, China
^2.Sintosteel Luoyang Refractory Research Institute, Luoyang 471039, China

引用本文:

吴倩芳, 何群, 常兵, 全宇鑫, 胡敬文, 李赛赛, 曹迎楠. 玻璃纤维基隔热多孔陶瓷的制备及其对中子的屏蔽性能[J]. 材料研究学报, 2024, 38(6): 471-480.
Qianfang WU, Qun HE, Bing CHANG, Yuxin QUAN, Jingwen HU, Saisai LI, Yingnan CAO. Preparation and Neutron Shielding Properties of Fiberglass Based Thermal Insulating Porous Ceramics[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2024, 38(6): 471-480.

全文: PDF(25609 KB) HTML

摘要:

以玻璃纤维和玻璃颗粒为主要原料、以Isobam-104为分散剂、羧甲基纤维素钠为稳泡剂、十二烷基硫酸钠为发泡剂、氧化钆为中子屏蔽填料，用泡沫凝胶注模法制备玻璃纤维基隔热多孔陶瓷复合材料，研究了热处理温度对其物相组成、微观结构、机械性能和热导率的影响以及氧化钆的含量对其理化性能和中子屏蔽性能的影响。结果表明，热处理温度从700℃提高到800℃，使多孔陶瓷的强度、体积密度和热导率显著提高、气孔率降低，其抗压强度和抗折强度分别从0.75和0.3 MPa提高到10.7和5.1 MPa，热导率从0.075 W/(m·K)提高到0.28 W/(m·K)。热处理温度为750℃的材料其抗折强度、抗压强度、开口气孔率和热导率分别为1.4 MPa、2.1 MPa、79.8%和0.11 W/(m·K)。氧化钆的添加量(质量分数，下同)从0提高到6%，多孔陶瓷复合材料的强度逐渐降低、对中子的屏蔽效率逐渐提高。氧化钆添加量为6.0%的多孔陶瓷其抗折强度仅为0.63 MPa，抗压强度为0.86 MPa，中子屏蔽率为50.8%，热中子屏蔽率高达82.9%，但是不影响多孔陶瓷的热导率。

关键词 ：无机非金属材料, 多孔陶瓷, 玻璃纤维, 氧化钆, 屏蔽性能

Abstract：

Fiberglass based porous ceramics were prepared via foam-gelcasting process using 48.75% (mass fraction) fiberglass and 16.25% (mass fraction) glass particles as main raw materials, 0.25% (mass fraction) Isobam-104 as dispersant, 0.1% (mass fraction) sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as foam stabilizer, 0.6% (mass fraction) sodium dodecyl sulfate as foaming agent, and gadolinium oxide as neutron shielding agent. The effects of heat treatment temperature on the phase composition, microstructure, pore structure, linear shrinkage, flexural strength, compressive strength, thermal conductivity of and porosity of the porous ceramics, and the effect of gadolinium oxide content on the physical properties, microstructure, neutron shielding performance and thermal conductivity of the porous ceramic composites were investigated. The results show that the heat treatment temperature had a great influence on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the porous ceramics. As the temperature increased from 700^oC to 800^oC, the size and the number of pores (open pores and window pores) decreased gradually, the pore walls became thick and dense, the flexural and compressive strength of the porous ceramics increased from 0.3 MPa and 0.75 MPa to 5.1 MPa and 10.7 MPa, respectively, while the thermal conductivity increased from 0.075 W/(m·K) to 0.28 W/(m·K). After being treated at 750^oC, the physical properties of porous ceramics were excellent, namely the flexural strength, compressive strength and porosity were 1.4 MPa, 2.1 MPa, 79.8% (mass fraction) respectively and the thermal conductivity was as low as 0.11 W/(m·K). With the increase of gadolinium oxide content from 0 to 6% (mass fraction), the porosity and mechanical properties of porous ceramic composites decrease, but their neutron shielding properties are significantly improved. When added 6.0% (mass fraction) gadolinium oxide, the neutron shielding rate and the thermal neutron shielding rate of the as-prepared porous ceramics were 50.8% and 82.9% (mass fraction) respectively, but the thermal conductivity was still 0.11 W/(m·K). Compared with traditional shielding materials, the glass fiber based insulating porous ceramic composite prepared in this work has excellent mechanical properties, as well as excellent thermal insulation and neutron shielding properties.

Key words： inorganic non-metallic materials porous ceramics fiberglass gadolinium oxide shielding properties

收稿日期: 2023-06-15

ZTFLH:

TB32

基金资助:安徽省教育厅自然科学基金(KJ2020A0270);先进耐火材料国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLAR202102);教育部冶金减排与资源循环利用重点实验室(安徽工业大学)开放项目(JKF21-04)

通讯作者: 李赛赛，副教授，lisaisai@ahut.edu.cn，研究方向为耐火材料

Corresponding author: LI Saisai, Tel: 13627290264, E-mail: lisaisai@ahut.edu.cn

作者简介: 吴倩芳，女，2000年生，硕士生

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2023.294 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2024/V38/I6/471

图1 玻璃颗粒的粒径分布

表1 玻璃纤维和玻璃颗粒的化学成分

图2 原料玻璃纤维和玻璃颗粒的SEM照片

图3 热处理温度不同的多孔陶瓷的XRD谱

图4 热处理温度不同的多孔陶瓷的SEM照片

图5 热处理温度不同的多孔陶瓷的宏观结构、微观结构和孔径分布

图6 热处理温度不同的多孔陶瓷的线收缩率

图7 热处理温度不同的多孔陶瓷的孔隙率、体积密度、抗折强度及耐压强度

图8 热处理温度不同的多孔陶瓷的热导率

表2 本文所制备的多孔陶瓷和文献中的多孔陶瓷的热导率

图9 氧化钆含量不同的多孔陶瓷的XRD谱

图10 氧化钆含量不同的复合材料的气孔率、体积密度、抗折和耐压强度

图11 氧化钆含量不同的复合材料的微观结构

图12 氧化钆含量不同的复合材料的孔结构

图13 氧化钆含量不同的复合材料的中子和热中子屏蔽率

图14 氧化钆含量不同的复合材料的热导率

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