磷酸改性对对位芳纶纤维力学性能的影响和破坏机理

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2016.549

材料研究学报

2017, Vol. 31

Issue (8): 597-602 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2016.549

研究论文

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磷酸改性对对位芳纶纤维力学性能的影响和破坏机理

陆赵情(

), 苏治平, 张美云, 郝杨

陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院西安 710021

Mechanical Behavior and Failure Mechanism of Phosphoric Acid Modified Para-Aramid Fiber

Zhaoqing LU(

), Zhiping SU, Meiyun ZHANG, Yang HAO

College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China, 710021

引用本文:

陆赵情, 苏治平, 张美云, 郝杨. 磷酸改性对对位芳纶纤维力学性能的影响和破坏机理[J]. 材料研究学报, 2017, 31(8): 597-602.
Zhaoqing LU, Zhiping SU, Meiyun ZHANG, Yang HAO. Mechanical Behavior and Failure Mechanism of Phosphoric Acid Modified Para-Aramid Fiber[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2017, 31(8): 597-602.

全文: PDF(2324 KB) HTML

摘要:

研究了磷酸改性对对位芳纶(PPTA)纤维力学性能的影响和破坏机理。测量了PPTA纤维的单丝拉伸强度和力-位移曲线来评价其力学性能,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)和X射线衍射(XRD)等手段表征了PPTA纤维改性前后的表面形貌、化学结构和结晶度。结果表明,磷酸改性破坏PPTA纤维中韧性较高的皮层结构,使改性后纤维的力-位移曲线的最大断裂载荷点向低位移点偏移,拉伸强度降低。在磷酸改性过程中PPTA分子链中的酰胺键因发生水解反应而断裂,导致PPTA纤维的拉伸强度下降。磷酸改性使结晶不完善的皮层从纤维表面剥离,从而使纤维的结晶度升高,韧性降低;而过高的磷酸改性浓度(40%,质量分数)使纤维的结晶度降低,导致PPTA纤维的拉伸强度显著降低。

关键词 ：有机高分子材料, 对位芳纶纤维, 磷酸改性, 力学性能, 破坏机理

Abstract：

Para-aramid fiber was modified with phosphoric acid (PA) and then was characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction(XRD). The mechanical behavior of the modified fiber (PPTA) was evaluated via measurement of the tensile strength and force-displacement curve of monofilament. The results show that the maximal fracture force of the modified fibers shifted to lower displacement region in force-displacement curves and the tensile strength of the monofilament decreased due to the damage of the skin region of PPTA fiber induced by PA-modification. Some aramid groups can be hydrolyzed during PA-modification process, thus decreasing the monofilament tensile strength of the modified PPTA fibers. In addition, the crystallinity of the modified fibers was improved because the original para-crystalline skin region was peeled off from the surface of PPTA fiber by PA-modification, hence resulting in the decrease of toughness of PA-modified fiber. The monofilament tensile strength of PPTA fiber decreased remarkably once it was modified with PA with concentration of higher than 40%(mass fraction), which can be attributed to the decrease of crystallinity.

Key words： organic polymer materials para-aramid fiber phosphoric acid modification mechanical behavior failure mechanism

收稿日期: 2016-09-20

ZTFLH:

TQ342

基金资助:陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目(2016KTCQ01-87),华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室开放基金(201333),陕西省教育厅重点实验室项目(12JS018)

作者简介:

作者简介陆赵情,男,1979年生,博士,教授

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2016.549 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2017/V31/I8/597

图1 拉伸载荷下PPTA纤维的力-位移曲线图

图2 磷酸改性对PPTA纤维拉伸强度的影响

图3 磷酸改性对PPTA纤维表面形貌的影响

图4 PPTA纤维的皮-芯结构及断裂模型示意图[16]

图5 磷酸改性前后PPTA纤维的红外光谱图

图6 磷酸改性过程中PPTA纤维表面发生的反应示意图

图7 PPTA纤维的XRD图

表1 磷酸改性对PPTA纤维结晶度的影响

图8 PPTA纤维的变形模型[19]

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