Conventional magnetron sputtered Ta coating prepared by magnetron sputtering in low pressure Ar atmosphere was always of brittle β phase. Replacing Ar with Kr, Xe and other large atomic gases could increase the proportion of α-Ta within the coating, thus increasing the toughness of the coating. However, Kr and Xe etc. are rare and expensive, which is not suitable for production. In this study, a single-phase α-Ta coating was prepared on 304 stainless steel by magnetron sputtering in low pressure mixed Ar+N₂ atmosphere, which is far cheap than the rare gases. By comparing the results of water quenching (thermal shock) test and wear test for the two type coatings, i.e. prepared in low pressure Ar and Ar+N₂ respectively, it is found that: Prepared in low pressure Ar atmosphere, the sputtered Ta coating is mainly β-Ta. After 10 cycles of thermal shock, the oxide scale spalls off largely with a loss weight of 10.24 mg/cm². Its Vickers hardness is HV370, the friction coefficient is 0.556, and the wear loss is as high as 1.9 × 10^-3 mm³/(N·m); In the contrast, prepared in low pressure mixed Ar + N₂ atmosphere, the sputtered Ta coating is pure α-Ta. After 10 cycles of thermal shock, its loss in weight is only 0.90 mg/cm², what's more, there is no significant difference in surface morphology before and after thermal shock. Its Vickers hardness is HV1900, the friction coefficient is 0.304, and the wear loss is only 3.7 × 10^-4 mm³/(N·m).

Six different MIL-88A (Fe) samples were synthesized by one-step solvothermal method for different reaction times (named M-4, M-8, M-12, M-16, M-20, M-24) and characterized by SEM, XRD, FT-IR, BET, UV-vis DRS, XPS and EIS. A variety of MIL-88A (Fe) catalytically activated peroxymonosulfate was used to degrade Rhodamine B solution under xenon lamp irradiation (500 W), as a simulated sunlight. Meanwhile the effect of solvent heating time on its catalytic performance was studied, and the reaction mechanism and influencing factors were analyzed. The results show that the variation of crystal morphology follows a process of “nucleation-aggregation-solution-recrystallization” with the increase of solvothermal time. The morphology of MIL-88A (Fe) is greatly affected by different solvent thermal duration. Fe―O clusters are formed between inorganic metal and carboxyl group of fumaric acid, and the REDOX conversion between Fe³⁺ and Fe²⁺ is active. The catalyst M-12 crystal prepared with a solvothermal duration of 12 h has the largest aspect ratio (3.33). There are more defects and unsaturated coordination sites at the junction of iron ions and organic ligands on its surface, and it has the strongest photocurrent response, the largest photogenerated electron-hole separation efficiency, the lowest electron transfer resistance and the highest conductivity, therewith, the best photocatalytic activity. In the M-12/PMS/artificial sun light system, the degradation rate of RhB (20 mg/L) reached 99.33% within 60 min, the system has a wide pH adaptation range and low influence of inorganic anions, moreover, ·OH, SO{}_{\mathrm{4}}^{•}^- and h⁺ are the main active free radicals, while ¹O₂ and ·O{}_{\mathrm{2}}^{-} play a role in assisting RhB degradation. The active free radicals are derived from three pathways: direct activation, direct activation by electron transfer and indirect activation by electron transfer. In the cyclic experiments, M-12/PMS/Light system has maintained an efficient removal rate of more than 90% for RhB, the sample structure and catalytic performance are stable, and the reusability is high, which has a good application prospect.

Self-passivating tungsten alloy (SPTA) inhibits the further oxidation by forming dense oxide scale on its surface. Therefore, the use of self-passivating tungsten alloys as the first wall candidate material for nuclear fusion is a material solution proposed to address the safety hazards that may arise in the event of loss-of-coolant accident in future nuclear fusion devices. The compact oxide scale formed on the surface of self-passivating tungsten alloys requires the participation of passivating elements, and their oxidation behavior is related to its composition and structure. Herein, an alloy W87.6-Cr11.4-Zr1.0 (in mass fraction) was prepared by mechanical alloying and field assisted sintering technology, then its oxidation behavior was assessed intermittently at 1000 ^oC in a flowing gas mixture Ar+20%O₂ (volume fraction). The surface roughness, morphology and phase composition of the W-Cr-Zr alloy before and after oxidation were characterized by 3D laser measurement microscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction instrument (XRD), and the influence of oxide scale structure on the subsequent oxidation behavior of W-Cr-Zr alloy was investigated. The results show that the larger the surface roughness, the more cracks of the oxide scale formed in the initial oxidation stage. In the subsequent oxidation process, cracks act as the short-circuit channel for inward migration of oxygen to accelerate the oxidation of the underneath alloy substrate, thus having a large linear oxidation rate. The top layer of the oxide scale formed by the oxidation of W-Cr-Zr alloy is Cr₂WO₆ with high temperature stability, and the inner layer is WO_2.83 with easy sublimation. After the removal of the Cr₂WO₆ layer, a relatively loose Cr₂WO₆ layer can still grow in the subsequent oxidation process along with the severe oxidation of the matrix and the rapid sublimation of WO_2.83, which has certain protectiveness for the substrate. Therefore, to adjust or control the microstructure and oxidation behavior of the tungsten alloy is of great reference value for material selection and operation safety of nuclear fusion device components.

Novel composites of FeCoCrNiMn particle reinforced 6061 Al-alloy matrix (FeCoCrNiMn/6061 Al-alloy)were prepared by vacuum hot-pressing sintering technique. The microstructure of the composites was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical properties of the composites were measured by universal testing machine. The results indicate that the interface between FeCoCrNiMn particles and the 6061 Al-alloy matrix is well bonded, with a diffusion layer of approximately 0.5 μm at the interface. With the increase of the volume fraction of FeCoCrNiMn particles, the Brinell hardness, yield strength and tensile strength of the composites increase gradually, while the elongation at break decreases gradually. When the volume fraction of FeCoCrNiMn particles is 20%, the yield strength and tensile strength reach 137.53 MPa and 186.00 MPa, respectively, which are 71.12% and 24.41% higher than 6061 Al-alloy. The strengthening mechanisms of FeCoCrNiMn/6061 Al-alloy matrix composites may mainly be thermal mismatch strengthening, fine-grain strengthening and load transfer strengthening, among which the thermal mismatch strengthening contributes the most.

Pointing to the oxidation failure of the interface of the composite plate, the plates of Q235 carbon steel and 304 stainless steel were prepared and rolled by a two-high mill, and the microstructure evolution of the bonding interface and the austenite grain boundary were studied after the electrolytic polishing in this paper. At the same time, combined with the reaction mechanism of the micro-pore electrolysis process, the mapping relationships between interface element distribution, micro-pore growth, grain boundary energy and gas pressure under different rolling conditions were also deeply explored.The results show that when the reduction rate of double-pass rolling is 30% / 10%, after taking electrolysis there is almost no micro-hole defect at the interface. However, the austenite grain boundaries become a groove with about 2 μm width. When the second pass reduction rate increases to 20% and 25%, the width of austenite grain boundaries decreases to about 1.8 μm and 1.3 μm, respectively, and the energy of grain boundaries decreases accordingly. When the two-pass rolling reduction rate is 35% / 25%, the width of austenite grain boundaries inversely increases to 1.5 μm. The pores on the interface and the austenite grain boundaries also change into the connecting grooves after electrolysis.This is mainly due to the capillary effect of the interface micro-pores, which leads to the rapid electro-chemical oxidation effect on the inner wall of the pores. The reaction rate is positively correlated with the pressure value from the precipitated gas, and negatively correlated with the pore diameter. The more the number of holes, the faster the corrosion, and the wider the groove paralleling to the rolling direction.

Aqueous Zn ion hybrid capacitors (ZICs), as an emerging energy storage device with low cost, high operational safety and low redox potential, have become a research hotspot in the field of energy storage. This paper focuses on the important research of low energy density of capacitor electrode materials in ZICs. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-derived carbon (C)/layered double hydroxides (LDH)/graphene (rGO) network composite materials with self-supporting characteristics are designed and synthesized. The structure and morphology of the material were characterized by X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results showed that the MOFs-derived C/ Ni-Co LDH particles were granular structure, dispersed on lamellae of the rGO, forming a network composite material. The specific capacitance of the Zn ion capacitor assembled by this material can reach 248 F·g^-1 at a current density of 1.0 A·g^-1, which is much larger than the specific capacitance of rGO (142 F·g^-1). After 1500 cycles, the capacitance retention rate of the Zn ion capacitor is still as high as 97.1%. The network structure not only provides more transmission channels for electrolyte ions, but also provides more pseudocapacitive active sites. The completion of this paper provides some theoretical guidance and practical significance for the development of high specific energy storage devices.

Herein, halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) as typical micro-nano carrier were alkali etched to expand their aperture, then, on their surface 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) was deposited, and finally chitosan-polyethylene glycol copolymer (CP) was coated as top surface layer, thus a new filler of surface modified HNTs was made. Next, a novel self-healing coating (CP-HNTs-MBT) is developed with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as matrix and the surface modified HNTs as filler etc., and then the coating is applied on Cu substrate. The structure and composition of the filler and the corrosion performance, especially its re-healing capacity in 3.5% NaCl solution of the coating are assessed via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), UV absorption spectroscopy, immersion test, and Kelvin probe etc. Results indicate that MBT is successfully loaded onto HNTs, achieving a loading capacity of 12% by mass. The results of SEM, EIS, Kelvin probe, and UV absorption spectroscopy confirm the excellent self-healing performance of the CP-HNTs-MBT coating, which can still show significant self-healing ability, even when it is used for second time. It follows that the CP-HNTs-MBT coating exhibits strong corrosion resistance, with the ability to maintain self-healing ability for multiple cycle usage, thereby providing effective protection for metal materials.

The effect of Al content on the corrosion behavior and electrochemical performance of extruded Mg-Al-Ca-Mn alloy in 3.5%NaCl electrolyte was investigated. The results show that the AMX411 Mg-alloy exhibits excellent corrosion resistance and discharge performance. The measured hydrogen evolution results showed that the minimum hydrogen evolution and mass loss of AMX411 alloy during corrosion process for 72 h were (2.25 ± 0.07) mL·cm^-2 and (2.83 ± 0.12) mg·cm^-2, while the free corrosion potential (φ_corr) and the corrosion current density (J_corr) were -1.267 V and (67.9 ± 0.16) µA·cm^-2 respectively,indicating its low electrochemical activity and best corrosion resistance. In addition, the results of a half-cell discharge test for 4 h revealed that AMX411 alloy maintained a negative and stable voltage regardless of the discharge current densities (5, 10, 20, and 30 mA·cm^-2), and its discharge efficiency was as high as 61.36% and 65.35% at current densities 20 and 30 mA·cm^-2, which was significantly better than that of AMX111 alloy (41.83% and 44.79%). The excellent performance of AMX411 alloy may be attributed to the existence of much smaller and uniformly distributed precipitations of Al-containing second phase, which effectively reduces the local potential difference and suppresses the micro galvanic corrosion effect, thus facilitating the best corrosion resistance, besides, it still exhibits high anode utilization under high current density, which are all favorable advantages for it to become the anode material for Mg-air batteries.