Electrochemical Performance of Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ga-Mn Alloys as Anodes for Al-Air Batteries

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2023.256

Chinese Journal of Materials Research

2024, Vol. 38

Issue (4): 257-268 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2023.256

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Electrochemical Performance of Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ga-Mn Alloys as Anodes for Al-Air Batteries

WU Houran¹^,², DUAN Tigang²(

), MA Li², SHAO Gangqin¹(

), ZHANG Hengyu², ZHANG Haibing²

^1.State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
^2.National State Key Laboratory for Marine Corrision and Protection, Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute, Qingdao 266237, China

Cite this article:

WU Houran, DUAN Tigang, MA Li, SHAO Gangqin, ZHANG Hengyu, ZHANG Haibing. Electrochemical Performance of Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ga-Mn Alloys as Anodes for Al-Air Batteries. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2024, 38(4): 257-268.

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Abstract

The free corrosion behavior and electrochemical properties of Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ga-Mn alloys, as anodes working with 2 mol/L NaCl and 4 mol/L KOH electrolytes were studied. Results revealed that in the two electrolytes, the corrosion potential (E_corr) of alloy anodes shifted negatively by 0.041 V and 0.018 V, and the free corrosion rates decreased by 0.2146 and 15.1 mg·cm^-2·h^-1, respectively in the contrast to those of pure Al anode. The electrochemical activity of pure Al anode was improved, while its free corrosion behavior was inhibited. In the 2 mol/L NaCl electrolyte, the discharge capacity peak of the alloy anode reached 2608.96 Ah·kg^-1, which was 55.59% higher than that of the pure Al anode. The highest energy density attained 1742.61 Wh·kg^-1, being 274.58% superior to that of the pure Al anode. The anode efficiency was 87.55%. In the 4 mol/L KOH electrolyte, the highest discharge capacity of the Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ga-Mn alloy anode was 1605.15 Ah·kg^-1, which was 131.27% higher than that of the pure Al anode. The highest energy density was 1404.83 Wh·kg^-1, which was 231.52% higher than that of the pure Al anode. The anode efficiency was 53.86%.

Key words: metallic materials Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ga-Mn alloy aluminum-air battery electrochemical performance corrosion behavior

Received: 08 May 2023

ZTFLH:

TQ152

Fund: National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB3808800)

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	WU Houran
	DUAN Tigang
	MA Li
	SHAO Gangqin
	ZHANG Hengyu
	ZHANG Haibing

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https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2023.256 OR https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2024/V38/I4/257

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the battery discharge test system

Fig.2 XRD patterns of pure Al and Al-Zn-in-Mg-Ga-Mn alloy (a), grain size distribution of Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ga-Mn alloy (b) and inverse polar figure (c) of Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ga-Mn alloy

Fig.3 Bar charts of free corrosion rates (a) and average corrosion depths (b) of pure Al and Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ga-Mn anodes in 2 mol/L NaCl and 4 mol/L KOH solutions

Table 1 Free corrosion parameters of pure Al and Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ga-Mn anodes in 2 mol/L NaCl and 4 mol/L KOH solutions

Fig.4 Morphology of free corrosion products (a, c, e, g) and surface morphology (b, d, f, h) of pure Al and Al-Zn-in-Mg-Ga-Mn anodes in 2 mol/L NaCl and 4 mol/L KOH solutions: pure Al in 2 mol/L NaCl solution (a, b); Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ga-Mn alloy in 2 mol/L NaCl solution (c, d); pure Al in 4 mol/L KOH solution (e, f); Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ga-Mn alloy in 4 mol/L KOH solution (g, h)

Fig.5 Open circuit potential of pure Al and Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ga-Mn anodes in 2 mol/L NaCl and 4 mol/L KOH solutions

Fig.6 Potentiodynamic polarization curves of pure Al and Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ga-Mn anodes in 2 mol/L NaCl and 4 mol/L KOH solutions

Table 2 Corrosion parameters of pure Al and Al-Zn-in-Mg-Ga-Mn anodes in 2 mol/L NaCl and 4 mol/L KOH solutions

Fig.7 Nyquist and Bode plots of pure Al and Al-Zn-in-Mg-Ga-Mn anodes: in 2 mol/L NaCl solution (a, b); in 4 mol/L KOH solution (c, d)

Table 3 Fitted EIS parameters

Fig.8 Voltage-time curve of pure Al and Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ga-Mn anodes after discharged at current density of 0.1, 1, 5, 10 mA·cm^-2, respectively, in 2 mol/L NaCl and 4 mol/L KOH electrolytes

Fig.9 Discharge characteristics (a) and anode efficiencies (b) of pure Al and Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ga-Mn anodes at 0.1, 1, 5,10 mA·cm^-2 discharge in 2 mol/L NaCl and 4 mol/L KOH electrolytes

Table 4 Recent studies on the performance of Al-Zn-In and Al-Zn-In-based alloys related to aluminum air batteries

Fig.10 Corrosion morphology (SEM images, left) and elemental distribution (EDS mappings, right) of pure Al and Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ga-Mn anodes after discharged for 3 h at 10 mA·cm^-2 in 2 mol/L NaCl and 4 mol/L KOH electrolytes, respectively: pure Al and Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ga-Mn alloy in 2 mol/L NaCl solution (a, b); pure Al and Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ga-Mn alloy in 4 mol/L KOH solution (c, d)

Fig.11 Surface morphology of pure Al and Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ga-Mn anodes after discharged for 3 h at 10 mA·cm^-2 in 2 mol/L NaCl and 4 mol/L KOH electrolytes, respectively: pure Al and Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ga-Mn alloy in 2 mol/L NaCl solution (a, b); pure Al and Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ga-Mn alloy in 4 mol/L KOH solution (c, d)

Fig.12 Discharge schematic diagram of aluminum-air battery: aluminum-air battery system (a); Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ga-Mn alloy anode (b); MnO₂ air cathode (c)

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