Effect of Melting Rate on Structure and Inclusions of GH4169G Alloy Ingot Fabricated by Argon Protected Electroslag Melting

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2021.220

Chinese Journal of Materials Research

2022, Vol. 36

Issue (11): 811-820 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2021.220

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Effect of Melting Rate on Structure and Inclusions of GH4169G Alloy Ingot Fabricated by Argon Protected Electroslag Melting

HAO Jian¹^,², LIU Fang¹^,²(

), YANG Shulin³, YAO Xiaoyu¹^,², SUN Wenru¹^,²(

)

^1.Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
^2.School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
^3.AECC Shenyang Liming Areo Engine Co. Ltd., Shenyang 110043, China

Cite this article:

HAO Jian, LIU Fang, YANG Shulin, YAO Xiaoyu, SUN Wenru. Effect of Melting Rate on Structure and Inclusions of GH4169G Alloy Ingot Fabricated by Argon Protected Electroslag Melting. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2022, 36(11): 811-820.

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Abstract

Electroslag remelting (ESR) has been widely applied as an important technology to produce ingots for special steels and alloys because of its remarkably advantages, such as the process can purify the prepared ingots by effectively eliminating the impurity sulfur and the large inclusions. However, as one of the most important parameters of ESR, the effect of melting rate on the purity of ingot is still controversial. For this purpose, the macro- and micro-structure and nonmetallic inclusion characteristics at different positions of GH4169G ingots produced by industrial-scale argon protected electroslag remelting (PESR) technology with 2 remelting rates were comparatively investigated by means of OM, SEM, EDS and EPMA. The results indicate that a proper high melting rate is beneficial to shorten the local solidification time of ingot, reduce the secondary dendrite arm spacing and refine dendrite structure, but has little effect on the distribution of Nb, Ti and other elements along the radial direction in macro-scale. Besides, the melting rate has little effect on the inclusion types of GH4169G ingot, which are mainly oxides, fluorides and nitrides. The inclusions in the ingot are usually double or three layers with oxide as the core, nitride as the secondary outer layer and carbide as the outermost layer. The influence of the melting rate on the movement of inclusions in the remelting process was simulated via the so called MeltFlow-ESR software. It was found that the increase of melting rate was conducive to the movement of inclusions to the ingot surface, thereby the thickness of the inclusion enriched area on the surface of the ingot and the number of inclusions in the ingot could be reduced. In addition, the increase of melting rate can shorten the time of inclusion precipitation and reduce the size of inclusions.

Key words: metallic materials GH4169G alloy electroslag remelting melting rate inclusion MeltFlow-ESR

Received: 09 April 2021

ZTFLH:

TF142

About author: SUN Wenru, Tel: (024)23971737, E-mail: wrsun@imr.ac.cn
LIU Fang, Tel: (024)23971325, E-mail: fangliu@imr.ac.cn

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	Jian HAO
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https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2021.220 OR https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2022/V36/I11/811

Fig.1 Macrostructure of electroslag ingot remelted with the rates of LMR (a) and LMR+1 kg/min (b)

Table 1 Chemical composition in the edge and center of electroslag ingots (mass fraction, %)

Fig.2 Microstructures of the electroslag ingots (a) LMR edge; (b) LMR R/2; (c) LMR center; (d) LMR+1 kg/min edge; (e) LMR+1 kg/min R/2; (f) LMR+1 kg/min center

Fig.3 Effects of ESR melting rate on the SDAS

Fig.4 Effects of ESR melting rate on LST and SDAS of the GH4169G alloy simulated by Meltflow-ESR software (a) LST of LMR ingot; (b) LST of LMR+1 kg/min ingot; (c) SDAS of LMR ingot; (d) SDAS of LMR+1 kg/min ingot

Fig.5 Morphologies and distribution of inclusions at positions with different distances away from surface in ingots (a, b, c, d) LMR; (e, f, g) LMR+1 kg/min. (a, e) 2 mm; (b, f) 4 mm; (c, g) 6~8 mm; (d) ≥10 mm

Table 2 Inclusions on the surface of GH4169G electroslag ingots (mass fraction, %)

Fig.8 Number of inclusions per unit area at different positions of ingot from surface

Fig.6 Morphologies and element scanning of composite inclusions with MgO?Al₂O₃ core

Fig.7 Morphologies and element scanning of composite inclusions with (Ti, Nb) N core

Fig.9 Quantity distribution of inclusions along radial direction (a) oxide; (b) nitride

Fig.10 Average size distribution of inclusions along radial direction (a) oxide; (b) nitride

Fig.11 Effects of melting rate on the inclusion trajectories simulated by using MeltFlow-ESR software (a) LMR-1 kg/min; (b) LMR; (c) LMR+1 kg/min;(d) LMR+2 kg/min

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