Effect of Vacuum Graded Quenching on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 8Cr4Mo4V Steel

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2022.062

Chinese Journal of Materials Research

2022, Vol. 36

Issue (6): 443-453 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2022.062

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Effect of Vacuum Graded Quenching on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 8Cr4Mo4V Steel

YU Xingfu¹(

), WANG Shengyu², WANG Yupeng³, YANG Shuxin³, YANG Yu⁴, SU Yong⁵, FENG Xiaochuan³

^1.School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
^2.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
^3.AECC Harbin Bearing Co. Ltd., Harbin 150000, China
^4.Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Technology on Aero-Engine, Aero Engine Corporation of China, Shenyang 110015, China
^5.School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China

Cite this article:

YU Xingfu, WANG Shengyu, WANG Yupeng, YANG Shuxin, YANG Yu, SU Yong, FENG Xiaochuan. Effect of Vacuum Graded Quenching on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 8Cr4Mo4V Steel. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2022, 36(6): 443-453.

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Abstract

The 8Cr4Mo4V steel for aviation bearing manufacturing was subjected to graded quenching at different temperatures after being vacuum heat-treated. The effect of vacuum graded quenching on microstructure and mechanical properties of 8Cr4Mo4V steel were investigated by scanning electron microscope, XRD, Rockwell hardness tester, impact tester and rotational bending fatigue tester. Results show that the graded quenching 8Cr4Mo4V steel presents a microstructure of lower bainite, martensite/retained austenite and carbides. With the increase of graded quenching temperature, the number of precipitated carbides in the quenched and tempered steel increases, while the amount of retained austenite decreases. When the graded quenching temperature is 580℃, the bainite volume fraction of the quenched steel reaches a maximum of 13.87%, and the residual austenite volume fraction is 28.59%, and then after tempering, the precipitated carbides volume fraction and the Rockwell hardness reach the maximum namely 4.37% and 62.38 HRC respectively, in comparison to other desired graded quenching temperatures. The vacuum graded quenching can improve the comprehensive mechanical properties of 8Cr4Mo4V steel. In other word, the 580℃×10 min vacuum graded quenching treated 8Cr4Mo4V steel presents impact toughness and fatigue limit of rotational bending 23.3% and 110 MPa respectively higher than those of the traditional vacuum quenching treated ones.

Key words: metallic materials 8Cr4Mo4V steel vacuum graded quenching bainite mechanical properties

Received: 18 January 2022

ZTFLH:

TG142.1

Fund: Fund of Liaoning Provincial Department of Education(LJ2019014)

About author: YU Xingfu, Tel: 13604072060, E-mail: yuxingfu@163.com

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	Xingfu YU
	Shengyu WANG
	Yupeng WANG
	Shuxin YANG
	Yu YANG
	Yong SU
	Xiaochuan FENG

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https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2022.062 OR https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2022/V36/I6/443

Table 1 Chemical compositions of 8Cr4Mo4V bearing steel (mass fraction, %)

Fig.1 Heat treatment regime involving vacuum graded quenching and tempering process of 8Cr4Mo4V steel

Fig.2 Dimensions of impact specimen and rotational bending fatigue specimen (a) impact specimen; (b) rotational bending fatigue specimen (unit: mm)

Fig.3 Surface temperature change curve of 8Cr4Mo4V steel sample during heat treatment involving vacuum graded quenching

Fig.4 Microstructure of 8Cr4Mo4V steel after vacuum quenching and tempering (a) quenched microstructure; (b) tempered microstructure

Fig.5 Microstructure of 8Cr4Mo4V steel after vacuum graded quenching at different temperatures (a) 540℃; (b) 560℃; (c) 580℃; (d) 600℃

Fig.6 Morphology of carbides of 8Cr4Mo4V steel after vacuum graded quenching at 600℃ for 10 min

Table 2 Carbide types of 8Cr4Mo4V steel after vacuum graded quenching at 600℃ for 10 min (%, atomic fraction)

Fig.7 Tempering microstructure of 8Cr4Mo4V steel with vacuum graded quenching at different temperatures (a) 540℃; (b) 560℃; (c) 580℃; (d) 600℃

Fig.8 Volume fraction and average size of precipitated carbides in 8Cr4Mo4V steel at different grading temperatures

Fig.9 Volume fraction and average size of secondary carbides in 8Cr4Mo4V steel after tempering at different grading temperatures

Fig.10 XRD pattern and analysis on 8Cr4Mo4V steel after different vacuum graded quenching processes (a) XRD patterns (45°~115°); (b) XRD patterns (57°~67°); (c) carbon content in retained austenite and volume fraction of retained austenite

Fig.11 Bainite marking in 8Cr4Mo4V steel (a) bainite marking at 540℃; (b) bainite marking at 580℃

Fig.12 Relationship between bainite volume fraction and grading temperature of 8Cr4Mo4V steel

Fig.13 Microstructure evolution diagram of 8Cr4Mo4V steel under different vacuum graded quenching conditions (a) 540℃; (b) 560℃; (c) 580℃; (d) 600℃

Fig.14 Hardness of 8Cr4Mo4V steel after quenching and tempering under different vacuum graded quenching conditions

Fig.15 Impact fracture morphologies of 8Cr4Mo4V steel after different vacuum heat treatment processes (a, b) vacuum quenching and tempering; (c, d) vacuum graded quenching and tempering

Fig.16 S-N curves of 8Cr4Mo4V steel after different vacuum heat treatment

Fig.17 Rotational bending fatigue fracture morphologies of 8Cr4Mo4V steel after different vacuum heat treatment processes (a, b) vacuum quenching and tempering; (c, d) vacuum graded quenching and tempering

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