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Chinese Journal of Materials Research  2020, Vol. 34 Issue (5): 368-378    DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2019.472
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Effect of Bayan-Obo Tailings Content on Crystallization Characteristics and Properties of Glass-ceramics
SONG Xue, LI Yafan, REN Jie, ZHONG Yaoyu, ZHANG Hongxia(), OUYANG Shunli
School of Science, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010,China
Cite this article: 

SONG Xue, LI Yafan, REN Jie, ZHONG Yaoyu, ZHANG Hongxia, OUYANG Shunli. Effect of Bayan-Obo Tailings Content on Crystallization Characteristics and Properties of Glass-ceramics. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2020, 34(5): 368-378.

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Abstract  

Metallic tailings built glass-ceramics were prepared with Bayan-Obo tailings as the main raw material and Cr2O3 as nucleating agent. The crystallization characteristics of tailings built glass-ceramics were characterized by means of DSC, XRD, SEM and Raman spectra and the properties of glass-ceramics were evaluated by bending strength, Vickers hardness and acid resistance tests. Results show that the glass-ceramics are mainly composed of crystalline phases of diopside and gehlenite, while the nucleating agent of Cr2O3 can promote the precipitation of the main crystalline phase of diopside by forming spinel. The mechanical and corrosion resistance characteristics of glass-ceramics showed a decreasing trend with the increase of tailings content. The higher CaO content caused by the increase of tailings content can lead to the obstruction of sliding and migration of crystalline phases in the crystal growth process. As a result, it was easy to produce cavities and defects in glass-ceramics. Meanwhile, the increase of the ratio of gehlenite/diopside was not conducive to the improvement of the properties of the glass-ceramics. In addition, the rare earth elements intergrowth in Bayan-Obo tailings can form the second phase of cerium calcium silica at the grain boundary, which can reduce the area and the total energy of grain boundaries, which was helpful to improve the mechanical and corrosion resistance of glass-ceramics.

Key words:  inorganic non-metallic materials      Bayan-Obo tailings      glass-ceramics      crystallization characteristics      Cr2O3      rare earth     
Received:  11 October 2019     
ZTFLH:  TQ171  
Fund: Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(201910127011);Project of Education Department of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(NJZY18143);Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2017MS0507);Inner Mongolia Major Basic Research Open Project(0406091701)

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https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2019.472     OR     https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2020/V34/I5/368

CompositionSiO2CaOMgOAl2O3K2ONa2OTFeTiO2MnOREO
Content36.536.79.512.10.40.70.50.30.72.6
Table 1  Chemical composition of Bayan Obo mine tailing (mass fraction, %)
No.Mine tailingSiO2MgONa2CO3Cr2O3

BFS75

BFS80

BFS85

75

80

85

16

13

10

4.1

2.1

0.1

3.1

3.1

3.1

1.8

1.8

1.8

Table 2  Mass fraction of raw material of the tailing glass-ceramics (mass fraction, %)
No.SiO2CaOMgOAl2O3Na2OK2OMnOTFeCr2O3REOTiO2
BFS7543.427.511.29.13.620.30.520.381.81.950.23
BFS8042.229.29.79.73.780.320.560.41.82.10.24
BFS8541.131.18.110.33.80.340.60.411.82.20.25
Table 3  Main chemical composition of the tailing glass-ceramics (mass fraction, %)
Fig.1  DSC curves of the as-cast glasses with different ratio of tailing
SampleTg/℃Tp/℃?T/℃

BFS75

BFS80

BFS85

721.7

723.3

727.5

939.5

912.2

904.5

217.8

188.9

177

Table 4  Thermal properties of CMAS glasses
Fig.2  XRD spectra of glass-ceramics with different tailing additions
Fig.3  SEM images of the glass-ceramics with different tailing additions (a) BFS75, (b) BFS80, (c) BFS85
Fig.4  EDS images and the element-distribution mapping of sample BFS75
Fig. 5  EDS point scan analysis of sample BFS75, (a) spinel, (b) diopside, (c) gehlenite
Fig.6  EDS images and the element-distribution mapping of sample BFS80
Fig.7  EDS images and the element-distribution mapping of sample BFS85
Fig.8  Raman spectra of glass-ceramics with different tailing additions
SampleBFS75BFS80BFS85
Density/g·cm-33.03±0.032.97±0.022.68±0.05
Hardness/GPa6.67±0.026.43±0.036.04±0.04

Acid-resistance/%

Bending strength/MPa

93±7

145±5

87±8

106±7

69±6

87±5

Table 5  Properties of glass-ceramics with different tailing additions
Fig.9  EDS images and the element-distribution mapping of sample BFS75 etched by HF
Fig.10  TEM micrograph of powder sample GC3 (a) TEM micrograph, (b) element-distribution mapping of Ce, (c) point scanning analysis
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