Preparation of Porous Carbon Fibers with Different Carbon Sources and Their Adsorption Properties

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2018.562

Chinese Journal of Materials Research

2019, Vol. 33

Issue (5): 379-386 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2018.562

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Preparation of Porous Carbon Fibers with Different Carbon Sources and Their Adsorption Properties

Xiuli HU,Xiaxi YAO,Wenjun ZHANG,Wangjin JI,Jiacheng MU,Yuwen YONG,Xuhong WANG(

)

School of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China

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Xiuli HU,Xiaxi YAO,Wenjun ZHANG,Wangjin JI,Jiacheng MU,Yuwen YONG,Xuhong WANG. Preparation of Porous Carbon Fibers with Different Carbon Sources and Their Adsorption Properties. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2019, 33(5): 379-386.

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Abstract

Three polymer fibers were prepared via electrospinning method with polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) respectively as raw materials, and then carbon fibers with porous morphology were obtained by carbonizing the above three polymer fibers in nitrogen gas. The physical-chemical properties of the obtained carbon fibers were characterized by means of X-ray diffractometer, IR spectroscopy, thermal analysis and N₂ adsorption-desorption isotherm. The results show that the PAN-based carbon fiber has the largest specific surface area of 113.5 m²/g and the maximum adsorption capacity of about 560.2 g/kg on Congo red; Meanwhile, the effect of temperature and pH values on the adsorption properties of carbon fibers was also investigated. The results demonstrate that the higher the temperature is, the faster the adsorption rate is, while there is no significant change in the adsorption capacity; With the varying pH value of Congo red containing solutions, the three carbon fibers presented different adsorption performance: namely, in acidic solutions the PVA-based carbon fibers can maintain a high adsorption capacity, while the behavior of the PAN-based carbon fiber is just the opposite, however, the varying pH value of the Congo red solution had little effect on the adsorption activity of the PVP-based carbon fiber.

Key words: inorganic non-metallic materials carbon fiber electrospinning method adsorption temperatures pH values

Received: 18 September 2018

ZTFLH:

TQ343

Fund: National Natural Science Foundation of China(51702022, 51702023);Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province(17KJB430001)

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	Xiuli HU
	Xiaxi YAO
	Wenjun ZHANG
	Wangjin JI
	Jiacheng MU
	Yuwen YONG
	Xuhong WANG

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https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2018.562 OR https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2019/V33/I5/379

Fig.1 IR spectrum of the polymer fibers

Table 1 Physical and chemical properties of polymer fibers

Fig.2 TG analysis of polymer fibers

Fig.3 N₂ adsorption-desorption (a), pore size distri-bution (b) and (c) specific surface area curves of obtained carbon fibers

Fig.4 XRD patterns of different based carbon fibers

Fig.5 Relationship between adsorption time and adsorption capacity

Table 2 Congo red dye removal rate in each period of obtained carbon fibers (%)

Fig.6 Quasi-first order adsorption kinetics (a), quasi-second order adsorption kinetics (b) and internal adsorption kinetics (c) of obtained carbon fibers

Table 3 Parameters of different kinetic models

Table 4 Kinetic model parameters of internal adsorption

Fig.7 Langmuir adsorption isotherm (a) and Freund-lich adsorption isotherm (b)

Table 5 Model parameters of adsorption isotherm

Fig.8 Effect of the temperature on the adsorption of PVA (a); PVP (b); PAN-based (c) carbon fibers

Fig.9 Effect of pH on the adsorption performance of the obtained carbon fibers

Fig.10 Comparison of the functional groups before and after PAN-based carbon fiber and Congo red adsorption

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