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Chinese Journal of Materials Research  2016, Vol. 30 Issue (6): 401-408    DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2015.589
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Effect of V and Si on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Medium-carbon Pearlitic Steels for Wheel
ZUO Yue1,2, ZHOU Shitong2,3, LI Zhaodong2,**(), PAN Tao2, XIANG Jinzhong1, YONG Qilong2
1. School of Physical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
2. Department of Structural Steels, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, China
3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
Cite this article: 

ZUO Yue, ZHOU Shitong, LI Zhaodong, PAN Tao, XIANG Jinzhong, YONG Qilong. Effect of V and Si on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Medium-carbon Pearlitic Steels for Wheel. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2016, 30(6): 401-408.

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Abstract  

The effect of V and Si on the microstructure and mechanical properties of medium-carbon pearlitic steels for wheel was studied by means of OM、SEM and TEM, as well as tensile and impact tests. The results showed that the austenite grain size, the pearlite colony size and interlamellar spacing were significantly refined by increasing V content, which also led to an increase in the volume fraction of proeutectoid ferrite of the steels. With the increasing of V content, the yield strength at room temperature and the impact toughness at -20℃were enhanced due to precipitation strengthening and grain refinement effects of VC. However, the tensile strength at room temperature was decreased due to the increasing of the soft phase, i.e., proeutectoid ferrite. The increase of Si content resulted in the great decrease of proeutectoid ferrite and the significant refinement of pearlite interlamellar spacing but the slight refinement of austenite grain size. Si addition also promoted the VC precipitation but had only a little influence. The yield- and tensile-strength were enhanced mainly by the effect of solid solution strengthening and the refinement of pearlite interlamellar spacing due to Si addition. The balance of strength and toughness in medium-carbon pearlite steels could be effectively optimized by microalloying with the combination of medium 0.07%-0.08%V(mass fraction) and relatively high 0.8%-0.9%Si (mass fraction).
Key words:  metallic material      wheel steel      microalloying      grain refinement      phase transformation      strength and toughness     
Received:  18 October 2015     
ZTFLH:  TG142  
Fund: *Supported by National Basic Research Program of China No.2015CB654803 and National High Technology Research and Development Program of China No.2015AA034302
About author:  **To whom correspondence should be addressed, Tel: (010) 62182763, E-mail: lizhaodong@cisri.com.cn
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Yue ZUO
Shitong ZHOU
Zhaodong LI
Tao PAN
Jinzhong XIANG
Qilong YONG

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https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2015.589     OR     https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2016/V30/I6/401

No. C Si Mn P S Cr V Als N
1#(0.88Si-0.03V) 0.54 0.88 0.78 0.0079 0.0077 0.17 0.030 0.020 0.0014
2#（0.89Si-0.074V） 0.55 0.89 0.78 0.0068 0.0067 0.16 0.074 0.020 0.0018
3#（0.87Si-0.12V） 0.54 0.87 0.78 0.0072 0.0078 0.18 0.120 0.021 0.0016
4#（0.32Si-0.075V） 0.53 0.32 0.77 0.0068 0.0083 0.16 0.075 0.016 0.0010
Table 1  Composition of studied steels (%, mass fraction)
Fig.1  OM images showing austenite grain morphology of the steels (a) 1#; (b) 2#; (c) 3#; (d) 4#
No. Austenite grain size/μm Ferrite volume fraction / % Pearlite colony size/μm Pearlite interlamellar spacing /μm
1# 23.1±1.2 4.3 9.8±1.3 0.172±0.02
2# 20.1±0.5 12.2 7.4±0.9 0.147±0.02
3# 14.9±0.7 21.4 5.8±0.4 0.140±0.02
4# 21.4±0.6 19.5 7.7±0.8 0.159±0.02
Table 2  Austenite grain size, proeutectoid ferrite volume fraction, pearlite colony size and interlamellar spacing of studied steels
Fig.2  OM images of proeutectoid ferrite and pearlite of the steels (a) 1#; (b) 2#; (c) 3#; (d) 4#
Fig.3  SEM images of proeutectoid ferrite and pearlite of the steels (a) 1#; (b) 2#) (c) 3#; (d) 4#
No. Yield strength / MPa Tensile strength / MPa Total elongation / % KV2 /J (-20℃)
1# 511 914 19.0 10
2# 531 907 21.0 14
3# 561 892 21.0 16
4# 485 813 22.0 14
Table 3  Tensile and impact properties of experimental steels, respectively at room temperature and -20℃
Fig.4  The effect of nominal V content on dissolved C/V in austenite in medium carbon steels
Fig.5  TEM images of VC precipitates in 3# steel (a) VC with proeutectoid ferrite; (b) VC with pearlite; (c) EDS of VC
Fig.6  Phase transformation temperatures of 2# and 4# steels under different cooling rates (austenitizing at 860℃)
Fig.7  The effect of Si content on dissolved C/V in austenite in medium carbon steels
Fig.8  The microhardness of proeutectoid ferrite and pearlite of the steels
Fig.9  Impact fracture morphology of the studied steels (a) 1#; (b) 2#; (c) 3#; (d) 4#
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