The anisotropy of microstructure and mechanical properties of 2060 Al-Li alloy thick plate was investigated by OM, TEM, EBSD and tensile properties at room temperature. The main results are as follows: 1) The strength in 0° direction is the highest, the elongation and the section shrinkage are lower; The strength in 45° direction is the lowest, but the elongation and the section shrinkage are the highest; The strength in 90° direction is slightly lower than 0° direction, and the elongation and section shrinkage are the lowest. 2) The main precipitated phase of the alloy in the directions of 0°, 45° and 90° is T₁ phase, and θ' phase and a small amount of spherical δ' phase are also found in 0° and 45° directions. In the direction of 0°, the number of precipitated phases is the largest and the distribution is uniform. In the direction of 45°, the size of precipitated phases is large, and most of THE T₁ phase is coarse and flake. In the direction of 90°, the number of precipitated phases is relatively small, but the size of T₁ phase is significantly smaller than that in the direction of 45°. 3) 2060 Al-Li alloy thick plate has the highest texture strength at 45° direction, and a strong recrystallization texture P{011}<122> appears.The texture strength is still high in the direction of 0°, mainly recrystallized P{011}<122>, there is also a weak deformation texture copper {112} <111>; The texture strength in the 90° direction is relatively weak, and the deformation texture Copper {112}<111> and deformation texture S{123}<634> are the main textures.