Fe掺杂磁性生物炭的制备及其对金属离子Ni2+ 和Co2+ 的吸附性能

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2023.571

材料研究学报

2024, Vol. 38

Issue (11): 849-860 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2023.571

研究论文

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Fe掺杂磁性生物炭的制备及其对金属离子Ni²⁺ 和Co²⁺ 的吸附性能

余谟鑫¹^,², 孙宇航¹, 史文旭¹, 张晨¹, 王晓婷¹^,³(

)

1 安徽工业大学化学与化工学院马鞍山 243000
2 中钢天源股份有限公司马鞍山 243000
3 马钢集团股份有限公司马鞍山 243000

Preparation of Fe-doped Biochar and Its Adsorption Performance for Ni²⁺ and Co²⁺ Metal Ions

YU Moxin¹^,², SUN Yuhang¹, SHI Wenxu¹, ZHANG Chen¹, WANG Xiaoting¹^,³(

)

1 Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 234000, China
2 Sinosteel New Materials Co., Ltd., Ma'anshan 234000, China
3 Magang (Group) Holding Co., Ltd., Ma'anshan 234000, China

引用本文:

余谟鑫, 孙宇航, 史文旭, 张晨, 王晓婷. Fe掺杂磁性生物炭的制备及其对金属离子Ni²⁺ 和Co²⁺ 的吸附性能[J]. 材料研究学报, 2024, 38(11): 849-860.
Moxin YU, Yuhang SUN, Wenxu SHI, Chen ZHANG, Xiaoting WANG. Preparation of Fe-doped Biochar and Its Adsorption Performance for Ni²⁺ and Co²⁺ Metal Ions[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2024, 38(11): 849-860.

全文: PDF(9626 KB) HTML

摘要:

使用芦荟青皮为碳源、FeSO₄为Fe源，用共水热法制备炭前驱体，再将其高温热解(800℃)制备出磁性生物炭FSBC _x_-_y。使用自动氮气吸附仪(BET)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅立叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)、Zeta电位仪和X-射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)等手段对生物炭表征，研究其对废水中Ni²⁺和Co²⁺的吸附性能。结果表明，FSBC _x_-_y 表面有分级多孔结构的层状堆叠。芦荟青皮与FeSO₄质量比为3∶1的FSBC_3-1其比表面积为82 m²·g^-1，总孔体积为0.10 cm³·g^-1。FSBC_3-1表面有O，S和Fe等元素生成的丰富活性基团，其与Ni²⁺和Co²⁺发生离子交换、络合作用、共沉淀和静电吸附等反应。FSBC_3-1的吸附等温线和吸附动力学符合Langmuir模型和拟二级动力学模型。根据Langmuir模型计算出FSBC_3-1对Ni²⁺和Co²⁺的理论最大吸附量分别为136.43 mg·g^-1和132.10 mg·g^-1，以化学吸附为主。FSBC_3-1对金属离子有较大的动态吸附容量。

关键词 ：无机非金属材料, 磁性生物炭, 芦荟青皮, Fe掺杂, 金属离子, 化学吸附

Abstract：

The Fe-doped magnetic biochar FSBC _x_-_y was prepared via high temperature pyrolysis at 800^oC with Fe-doped carbon precursor as raw material. The Fe-doped carbon precursor was made via co-hydrothermal method with aloe green skin as carbon source and FeSO₄ as Fe source. The as-made FSBC _x_-_y was characterized by BET、SEM、FTIR、Zeta and XPS, and its application for adsorption of Ni²⁺ and Co²⁺ in waste water was investigated. The result showed that the FSBC _x_-_y has a hierarchical porous structure with a lamellar-like surface with many small flakes. When the mass ratio of aloe green skin to FeSO₄ was 3:1, the specific surface area of the as-made FSBC_3-1 is 82 m²·g^-1, and the total pore volume is 0.10 cm³·g^-1. The surface of FSBC_3-1 is rich in active groups of O, S and Fe, which can react with Ni²⁺ and Co²⁺ through ion exchange, electrostatic adsorption, complexation, co-precipitation and electrostatic adsorption. The adsorption isotherm and adsorption kinetics were more consistent with Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. According to the Langmuir model, the theoretical maximum adsorption capacities of Ni²⁺ and Co²⁺ by FSBC_3-1 are 136.43 mg·g^-1 and 132.10 mg·g^-1 respectively, which are mainly chemical adsorption. Fixed bed experiment results show that FSBC_3-1 has the high dynamic adsorption capacity for metal ions.

Key words： inorganic non-metallic materials magnetic biochar aloe vera green skin Fe dope metal ions chemical adsorption

收稿日期: 2023-11-29

ZTFLH:

O647.3

基金资助:安徽省博士后科研项目(2021B547);安徽省高校自然科学研究项目(KJ2021A0399)

通讯作者: 王晓婷，副教授，pingguo2911@sina.com，研究方向为煤基碳材料

Corresponding author: WANG Xiaoting, Tel: 13855518820, E-mail: pingguo2911@sina.com

作者简介: 余谟鑫，男，1978年生，副教授

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2023.571 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2024/V38/I11/849

图1 FSBC x-y 的SEM照片

表 1 FSBC x-y 的比表面积和孔结构参数

图2 FSBC x-y 的N2吸脱附曲线图和孔径分布图

图3 FSBC3-1的FTIR图

图4 FSBC3-1的Zeta电位图

图5 FSBC3-1的全谱图

表2 XPS分析元素摩尔分数

图6 FSBC3-1的O1s谱图

sample	C-O	C=O	-OH	S^2-	S^-	SO $3 2 -$	SO $3 2 -$	Fe²⁺	Fe³⁺
FSBC_3-1	69.55	22.25	8.20	9.10	8.79	53.71	53.71	49.90	50.10
FSBC_3-1-Ni²⁺	44.73	33.46	21.81	10.90	11.50	45.70	45.70	54.70	45.30
FSBC_3-1-Co⁺	36.65	37.75	25.60	12.80	16.20	44.10	44.10	51.40	48.60

表3 XPS分析中O1s、N1s和Co2p谱图的官能团摩尔分数

图7 FSBC3-1的S2p谱图

图8 FSBC3-1的Fe2p谱图

图9 FSBC3-1的VSM图

图10 FSBC x-y 的吸附等温线

图11 FSBC x-y 的Langmuir拟合模型

图12 FSBC x-y 的去除率

图13 FSBC x-y 的吸附动力学

图14 FSBC x-y 的吸附动力学拟合图

图15 FSBC3-1吸附穿透曲线

图16 FSBC3-1的再生吸附效率图

图17 溶液的pH值对FSBC3-1吸附的影响

图18 FSBC3-1的金属离子竞争吸附图

表4 FSBC3-1的金属离子竞争吸附分配系数

图19 FSBC x-y 的吸附机理

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