Influence of Cerium on Creep Properties of 316LN Austenitic Stainless Steel

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2023.170

Chinese Journal of Materials Research

2024, Vol. 38

Issue (1): 23-32 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2023.170

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Influence of Cerium on Creep Properties of 316LN Austenitic Stainless Steel

YANG Renxian¹^,², MA Shucheng¹^,², CAI Xin¹, ZHENG Leigang¹, HU Xiaoqiang¹^,²(

), LI Dianzhong¹^,²(

)

1 Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China

Cite this article:

YANG Renxian, MA Shucheng, CAI Xin, ZHENG Leigang, HU Xiaoqiang, LI Dianzhong. Influence of Cerium on Creep Properties of 316LN Austenitic Stainless Steel. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2024, 38(1): 23-32.

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Abstract

316LN austenitic stainless steel (316LN steel) is widely used as structural components in nuclear industries for their excellent corrosion resistance and high temperature mechanical properties. With the development of next-generation nuclear reactors, it is imperative to improve the high temperature creep properties of 316LN steel to warrant the corresponding components being subjected to higher temperatures. Alloying with rare earth (RE) elements, such as Cerium (Ce), are considered as a promising approach to enhance creep properties of the austenitic stainless steels. However, the effect of Ce on the microstructure evolution and creep performance of 316LN steel have not been reported. In this study, the effect of Ce on creep behavior and microstructure of 316LN steel in the temperature range 600^oC to 700^oC and stresses range150 MPa to 200 MPa was investigated by electronic creep tester, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that the addition of 0.032%Ce could significantly improve the creep rupture life of 316LN steel. For instance, at 700^oC/150 MPa, the creep life of 316LN steel with 0.032%Ce prominently increased from 313 h to 556 h. The creep stress exponent, activation energy and threshold stress of 316LN steel without Ce were found to be 7.64, 415.3 kJ/mol and 61.7 MPa, respectively, whereas those of 316LN steel with 0.032%Ce addition were corresponding to 9.07, 454.8 kJ/mol and 76.6 MPa. The creep mechanism of those two 316LN steels were also controlled by dislocation climbing. The addition of 0.032%Ce has not changed the creep mechanism of 316LN steel but clearly raised the creep activation energy and threshold stress. Furthermore, microstructural analysis demonstrates that the addition of 0.032%Ce may obviously promote the precipitation of Laves phase within the matrix. These intragranular Laves phases could inhibit the movement of dislocations during creep deformation, notably enhancing the creep resistance of the matrix. Therefore, the addition of 0.032%Ce remarkably improved the creep properties of 316LN steel by intragranular Laves precipitation strengthening.

Key words: metallic materials 316LN austenitic stainless steel creep cerium precipitation strengthening

Received: 15 March 2023

ZTFLH:

TG142.1

Fund: National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFB2006800);Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Y2021060);Science and Technology Innovation Program for Young and Middle-aged Talents in Shenyang(RC220474)

Corresponding Authors: HU Xiaoqiang, Tel: (024)23971127, E-mail: xqhu@imr.ac.cn;
LI Dianzhong, Tel: (024)23971281, E-mail: dzli@imr.ac.cn

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	YANG Renxian
	MA Shucheng
	CAI Xin
	ZHENG Leigang
	HU Xiaoqiang
	LI Dianzhong

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https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2023.170 OR https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2024/V38/I1/23

Table 1 The chemical compositions of two studied 316LN austenitic stainless steels (mass fraction, %)

Fig.1 Creep strain versus creep time curves (a, b) and the creep rate versus creep time curves (c, d) at 700^oC under the stress of 150~200 MPa (a, c) and at 600^oC, 650^oC under 200 MPa (b, d) of 0Ce and 32Ce

Fig.2 Logarithmic curve of the minimum creep rate versus creep stress at 700^oC (a) and the minimum creep rate versus the reciprocal of temperature multiplied by 1000 under 200 MPa (b) of 0Ce and 32Ce steel

Fig.3 SEM micrographs of 0Ce (a-c) and 32Ce (d-f) steel after crept under 200 MPa (a, d), 175 MPa (b, e), 150 MPa (c, f) at 700^oC (Inset in d is the TEM observation of intragranular precipitates)

Fig.4 TEM image of intergranular precipitates in 0Ce steel after crept at 700℃/150 MPa (a) with corresponding elemental mapping of Mo (b) and Cr (c) (Inset SAED pattern in a was obtained from [1-1-1] zone axis of Sigma phase)

Table 2 Chemical compositions of precipitates in 316LN obtained by STEM-EDS (mass fraction, %)

Fig.5 TEM images of intergranular precipitates in 32Ce steel after crept at 700^oC/150 MPa (a, d) together with elemental mapping of Cr (b, e) and Mo (c, f) (The SAED pattern inset in a was obtained from [1-1-1] zone axis of Sigma phase while that in d was acquired from [1-5-3] zone axis of Chi phase)

Fig.6 TEM image of the intragranular precipitates in 32Ce steel after crept at 700^oC/200 MPa (a) and the enlarged view of an intragranular precipitate (b) corresponding with SAED pattern (c), EDS line scanning analyses (d); TEM micrograph of the intragranular precipitates in 32Ce steel after crept at 700^oC/150 MPa (e) and elemental distribution of Mo (f) and Si (g) acquired from the area delimited by the rectangles in (e)

Fig.7 SEM micrographs of 0Ce (a) and 32Ce (b) steel after interrupt crept at 700^oC/150 MPa for about 180 h

Fig.8 Variation of minimum creep rate of the one-fifth power versus creep stress at 700^oC of 0Ce and 32Ce steel

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