Arc Motion Behavior and Ablation Characteristics of Coarse-grained/Fine-grained CuCr50 Contact Materials

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2023.088

Chinese Journal of Materials Research

2023, Vol. 37

Issue (11): 862-870 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2023.088

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Arc Motion Behavior and Ablation Characteristics of Coarse-grained/Fine-grained CuCr50 Contact Materials

LIU Biao¹, WANG Jun¹, YUAN Zhao²^,³(

), WANG Zhe¹, CHANG Yanli¹, LI Qingshan¹

^1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China
^2.State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
^3.Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China

Cite this article:

LIU Biao, WANG Jun, YUAN Zhao, WANG Zhe, CHANG Yanli, LI Qingshan. Arc Motion Behavior and Ablation Characteristics of Coarse-grained/Fine-grained CuCr50 Contact Materials. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2023, 37(11): 862-870.

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Abstract

The coarse-grained and fine-grained CuCr50 electrical contact materials were prepared by combining high-energy ball milling and spark plasma sintering (SPS) technology, and their composition, density, microhardness and conductivity, the distribution of cathode spots on the surface of the contact during discharge, the speed of movement and the morphology of contact surface erosion were characterized, and the arc erosion characteristics of coarse-grained and fine-grained CuCr materials were studied. The results show that the hardness of fine-grained CuCr50 contacts (160.29HV) is higher than that of coarse-grained CuCr50 contacts (104.15HV), and the movement speed of cathode spots of fine-grained contacts is 16.9 m/s under 50 Hz power frequency conditions, which is 4.9% lower than that of coarse-grained contacts of 17.78 m/s. This suggests that the cathode spot on the surface of the coarse-grained contact moves slightly faster to the edge of the contact than the fine-grained contact. Compared with coarse-grained contacts, the cathode spots produced on the surface of the fine-grained contacts during arc burning are small in size, large in number, low in brightness and more uniform. Under the same current amplitude, the arc voltage drop of fine-grained CuCr contacts is lower than that of coarse-grained contacts. After arc ablation, the overall morphology of the fine-grained CuCr contact is flat, and there is no obvious large ablation pit and droplet splash. The comprehensive results show that the refinement of the second phase Cr phase can significantly improve the overall electrical contact performance of CuCr50 contacts, and the arc ablation resistance of fine-grained CuCr50 contacts is higher than that of coarse-grained contacts.

Key words: metallic materials CuCr arc erosion SPS cathode spots

Received: 16 January 2023

ZTFLH:

TG144

Fund: National Natural Science Foundation of China(52177143);Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(2020JQ-829);Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(2023-YBGY-171);Department of Education of Shaanxi Provincial Government(21JK0644);Shaanxi Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security, 2019 Overseas Scholars' Scientific and Technological Activities Selected as Funding Projects(No.16)

Corresponding Authors: YUAN Zhao, Tel: 13349921685, E-mail: yuanzhao8507@163.com

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	LIU Biao
	WANG Jun
	YUAN Zhao
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	CHANG Yanli
	LI Qingshan

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https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2023.088 OR https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2023/V37/I11/862

Fig.1 Sample diagram of coarse-grained/fine-grained CuCr50 contact material (a) schematic diagram of graphite abrasive, (b) contact drawing, (c) contact after sintering, (d) contact after wire cutting, (e) cup contact

Fig.2 XRD spectrum of coarse-grained/fine-grained CuCr50 contact materials

Fig.3 SEM images of coarse-grained/fine-grained CuCr50 contact material (a) coarse-grained CuCr50, (b) fine-grained CuCr50

Table 1 Physical properties of coarse-grained/fine-grained CuCr50 contact materials

Fig.4 Distribution of the initial diffusion process of coarse-grained CuCr50 contact cathode spots (a) 2 kA, (b) 5 kA, (c) 8 kA, (d) 15 kA

Fig.5 Distribution of fine-grained CuCr50 contact cathode spot initiation diffusion process (a) 3 kA, (b) 6 kA, (c) 9 kA, (d) 15 kA

Table 2 Coarse-grained/fine-grained CuCr50 contacts 1ms before arcing, cathode spot movement speed and moving to contact edge time

Fig.6 Voltage diagram of coarse-grained/fine-grained CuCr50 contact arc

Fig.7 SEM images of coarse-grained/fine-grained CuCr50 contact arc ablation (a, c, e) coarse-grained；(b, d, f) fine-grained

Fig.8 Distribution of cathode spots at 50Hz fine-grained CuCr50 contacts at 5.0 ms peak hour (a) 3 kA, (b) 4 kA, (c) 5 kA, (d) 6 kA, (e) 7 kA, (f) 8 kA, (g) 9 kA, (h) 10 kA, (i) 11 kA, (j) 12 kA, (k) 13 kA, (l) 14 kA, (m) 15 kA

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