Graphene paper films with high mechanical properties and electrical conductivity were prepared by an optimized film forming pressure with graphene as raw material and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as toughening agent. Their mechanical- and electrical-properties were characterized by means of DMA Q800 dynamic thermomechanical analyzer and RTS-8 four-probe tester respectively. The three-dimensional stretched graphene paper of network structure was obtained by surface incision and selective pulling. Then, the stretched graphene paper modified cement-based composites were prepared via multi-step process i.e., injecting the cement slurry of high fluidity, followed by compacting and hardening. The variation of electric resistance of the composite versus applied pressure was measured by a KEITHLEY 2400 digital source meter, while the pressure sensitive property of the composite was also investigated. The results show that the graphene paper film with 50% CMC prepared by an applied pressure of 12.5 MPa has good mechanical strength and electrical conductivity. The prepared cement-based composite with the stretched graphene paper film with 50% CMC presents certain pressure sensitivity, besides its piezo-resistivity exhibits good repeatability even in the condition that the resistance cyclic change rate is 10.29%.