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Chinese Journal of Materials Research  2021, Vol. 35 Issue (6): 411-418    DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2020.348
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Research Progress in Preparation of MgB2 Bulk by Diffusion Method
ZHAO Wanli1,2, SUO Hongli1(), LIU Min1,2, MA Lin1,2, DAI Yinming1,2, ZHANG Zili2()
1.The Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
2.Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Cite this article: 

ZHAO Wanli, SUO Hongli, LIU Min, MA Lin, DAI Yinming, ZHANG Zili. Research Progress in Preparation of MgB2 Bulk by Diffusion Method. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2021, 35(6): 411-418.

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Abstract  

Since the discovery of MgB2 superconductor in 2001, it has been highly concerned by scientists and engineers due to its peculiar characteristics. As a result, a number of different methods and approaches had been developed for the synthesis of MgB2 superconductor, whilst its performance in superconductivity varies significantly depending on the synthesis method. Among many synthesis methods, the diffusion method is the mostly effective way to synthesize MgB2 of superior superconductivity, while such process requires simple equipment and is easy to operate. This article systematically introduced various diffusion methods, including infiltration growth method, infiltration capsule method, liquid phase Mg diffusion method and vapor phase diffusion method, and the advantages and disadvantages of these methods were also compared. At the same time, the main application fields of liquid phase Mg diffusion method, such as superconducting cable, electromagnetic shielding and magnetic levitation, were introduced. Based on the comparison of various synthetic methods and their related applications, the development trend of diffusion synthesis was ulteriorly prospected.
Key words:  review      special functional inorganic non-metallic materials      MgB2 superconductor      diffusion synthesis      strong current application     
Received:  20 August 2020     
ZTFLH:  TM26  
Fund: National Key Research and Development Project(2018YFF0109401);CAS International Cooperation Project(182111KYSB20170067);National Natural Science Foundation of China(11745005);National Major Scientific Research Instrument Development Project(51827810);General Program of Science and Technology Development Project of Beijing Municipal Education Commission of China(KM201810005010);211 Program of Beijing City and Beijing University of Technology(PXM2019_014204_500031)
About author:  ZHANG Zili, Tel: 0086-10-82547268, E-mail: zhangzili@mail.iee.ac.cn
SUO Hongli, Tel: (010)67392947, E-mail: honglisuo@bjut.edu.cn
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Wanli ZHAO
Hongli SUO
Min LIU
Lin MA
Yinming DAI
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https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2020.348     OR     https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2021/V35/I6/411

Fig.1  Diagram of relative position of Mg and B by Mg-RLI method[13]
ReferenceShapeExperimental conditionSizeCritical current densityOther property
[11]Cylindrical1223 K, 3 hD = 17 mm4.2 K, 10 T, Jc＞10 A/mm2;

Tc = 39~40 K;

ρ = 2.40 g/cm3

[12]Rod1173 K, 3 hL1 = 110 mm4.2 K, 10 T, Jc ≈ 0.9 A/mm2;ρ = 2.31 g/cm3
L2 = 75 mm4.2 K, 7 T, Jc ≈ 1.1 A/mm2;ρ = 2.09 g/cm3
[13]Rod1173 K, 3 hD = 10 mm，L = 100 mm4.2 K, 5 T, Jc＞10 A/mm2;ρ = 2.30 g/cm3
[20]Rod1173 K, 3 hD = 10 mm，L = 100 mm

20 K, 3 T,

Jc1 = 10~20 A/mm2

Jc2 ≈ 50 A/mm2

ρL = 2.35 g/cm3
Tubular1173 K, 2 hL = 260 mm, Dint= 7 mm, Dout = 9 mm
Cylinder1173 K, 2.5 hL = 58.74 mm，Dint = 25.57 mm，Dout = 48.25 mm
Large cylinder1123 K, 3 hL = 75 mm，Dout = 100 mm，Dint = 10 mm
Ring1123 K, 1 hDint = 10 mm，Dout = 15 mm，L = 9 mm
[21]Superconductor insert1173 K, 3 hDmax = 54 mm，Dmin = 20 mm

4.2 K, 4 T,

Jc ≈ 64.52 A/mm2

The distribution of magnetic field is more uniform after magnetization
Table 1  Summary of MgB2 superconductors synthesized by Mg-RLI method
Fig.2  Synthesis process of MgB2 by Infiltration and Growth method[24]
Fig.3  Characteristic container of infiltration capsule method[27]
Fig.4  Improved container and prepared MgB2 block[29]
Fig.5  Special furnace tube for gas-solid synthesis[31]
Fig.6  Three joint modes (a) the two are proposed by G Giunchi et al[35]; (b) the one is designed by Wenhao Luo et al[36]
Fig.7  Design model of superconducting bearing[43-44]
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