Microstructure and Columnar-equiaxed Transformation Prediction of TC4-DT Alloy Prepared by Arc Additive Manufacturing with Coaxial Wire Feeding of Cold Metal Transfer Mode

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2019.478

Chinese Journal of Materials Research

2020, Vol. 34

Issue (7): 518-526 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2019.478

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Microstructure and Columnar-equiaxed Transformation Prediction of TC4-DT Alloy Prepared by Arc Additive Manufacturing with Coaxial Wire Feeding of Cold Metal Transfer Mode

DU Zijie¹^,², LI Wenyuan²(

), LIU Jianrong², SUO Hongbo³, WANG Qingjiang²

1.University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026，China
2.Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016，China
3.Qingdao JointX Intelligent Manufacturing Limited, Qingdao 266109，China

Cite this article:

DU Zijie, LI Wenyuan, LIU Jianrong, SUO Hongbo, WANG Qingjiang. Microstructure and Columnar-equiaxed Transformation Prediction of TC4-DT Alloy Prepared by Arc Additive Manufacturing with Coaxial Wire Feeding of Cold Metal Transfer Mode. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2020, 34(7): 518-526.

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Abstract

A TC4-DT Ti-alloy of two tracks and three layers was manufactured via arc additive manufacturing (CMT WAAM) coupled with cold metal transfer mode coaxial wire feeding, while the TC4-DT Ti-alloy wire of 1.2 mm in diameter was adoped as feeding wire. The microstructure of the acquired alloy was then characterized. Results show that fine equiaxed prior β-grains were found in the cambered heat affected zone; The bottom layer of the deposition zone consisted of thin columnar grains; The middle and top layers were composed of equiaxed grains and short columnar grains. Which was quite different from the coarse columnar grains produced by processes of EBRM and TIG WAAM. The microstructure of deposition zone presents basket weave α-phase laths, similar with that of EBRM and TIG WAAM. The 3D-Rosenthal solution was used to investigate the formation of the microstructure of the deposition zone. The maximum temperature gradient of the molten pool boundary calculated is about 12652.6 K/cm, and the maximum solidification speed is about 1.5 cm/s. The calculated solidification conditions just located in the mixed zone in the columnar-equiaxed-transformation (CET) model, consistent with the experiment results. The calculation results demonstrated that with the increasing input power P and the welding gun traveling speed V, the formation of equiaxed grains was promoted, while the grain size would gradually decrease with the increase of V. The mixed macrostructure would form when P>153 W and V>3.2 mm/s.

Key words: metallic materials TC4-DT Ti-alloy CMT WAAM CET model 3D-Rosenthal solution

Received: 15 October 2019

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https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2019.478 OR https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2020/V34/I7/518

Fig.1 Sample manufactured by CMT WAAM (a) deposition path of the sample; (b) schematic of the sample

Table 1 Composition of TC4-DT (mass fraction, %)

Fig.2 Macrostructure of the sample (a) macrostructure of the sample; (b) local macrostructure

Fig.3 Variation of the average width of prior-β grains along the deposition direction

Fig.4 Microstructure of heat affected zone(HAZ) and deposition zone (a) heat affected zone; (b) bottom layer; (c) middle layer; (d) top layer

Fig.5 Morphologies of borderline (a) macrostructure in of borderline; (b, c) microstructure of borderline

Fig.6 Solidification map of TC4-DT by CMT

Fig.7 3D geometry manufactured by CMT

Fig.8 Predicted results of 3D-Rosenthal solution

Fig.9 Impact of processing parameters on macrostructure of TC4-DT manufactured by CMT (a) power (P=50~20000 W, V=15 mm/s); (b) velocity (P=2254 W, V=1~35 mm/s)

Fig.10 Origanization division of the heat affected zone and band zone

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