Effect of Alumina-sol Modified Expandable Graphite on Flame Retardation of Semi-rigid Polyurethane Form

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2016.771

Chinese Journal of Materials Research

2017, Vol. 31

Issue (12): 918-924 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2016.771

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Effect of Alumina-sol Modified Expandable Graphite on Flame Retardation of Semi-rigid Polyurethane Form

Ying GU², Lizhu LIU^1,²(

), Xiaorui ZHANG^1,², Ling WENG^1,²

1 College of Material Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China
2 Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Its Application, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China

Cite this article:

Ying GU, Lizhu LIU, Xiaorui ZHANG, Ling WENG. Effect of Alumina-sol Modified Expandable Graphite on Flame Retardation of Semi-rigid Polyurethane Form. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2017, 31(12): 918-924.

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Abstract

Expandable graphite (EG) was modified by using alumina-sol (Al-sol), then the semi-rigid polyurethane foam (SRPUF), EG doped SRPUF and Al-sol modified EG doped SRPUF were prepared respectively by one step method. The prepared Al-sol modified EG was characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The tensile property and flame retardance of the prepared foams were examined with tensile testing machine and oxygen index tester respectively. The results show that the surface of EG was coated with the Al-sol after modification; For the same doping amount of 12% (mass fraction), the mechanical property of the SRPUF doped with Al-sol modified EG was better than that with the plain EG; Among others, the flame retardance of the SRPUF doped with Al-sol modified EG is the best with limiting oxygen index of 27.6% and horizontal burning level of grade HF-1. The SRPUFs before and after burnt were examined by means of XRD, SEM and TEM, it follows that the enhancement of flame resistance of the SRPUF doped with Al-sol modified EG may be ascribed to the following facts, i.e. the release of crystal water, crystal-phase transformation and the release of non-flammable gas of the Al-sol on the top surface of EG, besides, the Al-sol can also play important role as binding agent for fixing the worms-like graphite.

Key words: composites Al-sol EG polyurethane foam flame retardance limiting oxygen index

Received: 04 January 2017

ZTFLH:

TQ323

Fund: Supported by National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2012CB723308)

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	Ying GU
	Lizhu LIU
	Xiaorui ZHANG
	Ling WENG

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https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2016.771 OR https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2017/V31/I12/918

Fig.1 Progress of modification of EG

Fig.2 TEM images of alumina sol modified EG (a) unmodified EG, (b) modified EG

Fig.3 FT-IR spectra of Al-sol, unmodified EG and modified EG

Table 1 Effect of EG loading on LOI and tensile strength

Fig.4 Tensile strength of three kinds of SPRUF

Fig.5 LOI of three kinds of SPRUF

Table 2 Horizontal burning test results of SRPUF with modified EG

Fig.6 XRD spectra of Al-sol

Fig.7 SEM photoes of the morphology of carbon layer after combustion of three kinds of SRPUF (a) pure SRPUF; (b) unmodified EG/SPRUF; (c) modified EG/SPRUF

Fig.8 TEM images of EG carbon and the lamellar substance of foam substrate surface after modified EG/SRPUF burned (a) EG without Al₂O₃ attached; (b) EG with Al₂O₃ attached; (c) lamellar substance; (d) diffraction pattern of lamellar substance

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