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Chinese Journal of Materials Research  2014, Vol. 28 Issue (2): 114-120    DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2013.588
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Synergistic Effect of Modified MCM-41 and Flame Retardants on Performance of PP System
Na WANG(),Yuxian WU,Jing ZHANG,Xuri LI,Qinghong FANG
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142
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Na WANG,Yuxian WU,Jing ZHANG,Xuri LI,Qinghong FANG. Synergistic Effect of Modified MCM-41 and Flame Retardants on Performance of PP System. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2014, 28(2): 114-120.

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Abstract  

The mesoporous material MCM-41 was modified by DOPO in order to improve its effectiveness as a synergist agent for fire retardant composite. Ammonium polyphosphate (APP)-pentaerythritol (PER)-melamine (MEL) as flame retardants and modified MCM-41 as synergist agent were used to fabricate intumescent flame retardant (IFR)-polypropylene (PP). The synergist effect of modified MCM-41 and IFR on flame retardancy, mechanical property and thermal property of composite PP were investigated. It was found that 1% (mass fraction) modified MCM-41 could obviously improve the flame retardancy of the composite PP with a high LOI value 32.6, which is around 91.76 % higher than that of pure PP. Results of TGA, DMA and SEM showed that MCM-41 could catalyze esterification reaction between IFR, increase the char residue and form much denser char-layer to improve the retardant performance of the materials.
Key words:  organic polymer materials      mesoporous silica MCM-41      polypropylene      intumescent flame retardant      synergistic effect     
Received:  14 August 2013     
Fund: *Supported by the Financial Support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China Nos.51103086,51271188 & 51173110, State Key Laboratory of Organic- Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology No.201304, China Postdoctoral Science Foundation No. 2012M510922.
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Articles by authors
Na WANG
Yuxian WU
Jing ZHANG
Xuri LI
Qinghong FANG

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https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2013.588     OR     https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2014/V28/I2/114

Number PP/% IFR/% ModifiedMCM-41/%
1 100 - -
2 70 30 -
3 69.5 30 1
4 69 30 1
5 68 30 2
6 67 30 3
7 66 30 4
Table 1  Proportions of the sample
Fig.1  FTIR spectra of MCM-41 and modified MCM-41
Fig.2  Nitrogen sorption isotherm and pore size distribution of MCM-41 and modified MCM-41, (a) nitrogen sorption isotherm; (b) pore size distribution
Sample Specific surface area/m2g-1 Pore diameter/nm Pore volume/ccg-1
MCM-41 1046.66 2.80 0.82
Modified MCM-41 726.23 2.40 0.64
Table 2  Nitrogen adsorption-desorption data of samples
Fig.3  Equation of DOPO and KH-560
Fig.4  Equation of DOPO silane coupling agent and MCM-41
Sample Tensile strength/MPa
PurePP 34.69
PP/IFR 17.09
PP/IFR/modified MCM-41 (0.5%) 19.79
PP/IFR/modified MCM-41 (1%) 18.47
PP/IFR/modified MCM-41 (2%) 28.71
PP/IFR/modified MCM-41 (3%) 27.15
PP/IFR/modified MCM-41 (4%) 22.50
Table 3  Tensile strength of the sample
Sample Flame-retardent level LOI value
PurePP - 17.0
PP/IFR V-1 29.3
PP/IFR /modified MCM-41(0.5%) V-0 31.5
PP/IFR/modified MCM-41(1%) V-0 32.6
PP/IFR/modified MCM-41(2%) V-0 32.1
PP/IFR/modified MCM-41 (3%) V-0 31.8
PP/IFR/modified MCM-41 (4%) V-0 31.6
Table 4  Flame retardants of PP/IFR composites
Fig.5  TG and DTG curves of PP/IFR composite
Sample T10％/℃ T50％/℃ Tmax％/℃ Char residue(800℃)/％
Pure PP 422 451 456 1.00
PP/ IFR 364 469 461 7.03
PP/IFR /modified MCM-41 359 464 467 11.52
Table 5  TG value of PP/IFR composite
Fig.6  Storage modulus and loss factor vs temperature of the PP/IFR composites
Fig.7  SEM images of (a, c) PP/IFR composites and (b,d) PP/IFR modified MCM-41. (a, b) low magnification, (c, d) high magnification
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