Formation Mechanism of Ni/WC Composite Coatings on Carbon Steel

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2018.510

Chinese Journal of Materials Research

2019, Vol. 33

Issue (2): 87-94 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2018.510

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Formation Mechanism of Ni/WC Composite Coatings on Carbon Steel

Guirong YANG¹(

),Dawen GAO¹,Wenming SONG²,Yufu ZHANG²,Ying MA¹

1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
2. Lanpec Technologies Co. Ltd., Lanzhou 730070, China

Cite this article:

Guirong YANG,Dawen GAO,Wenming SONG,Yufu ZHANG,Ying MA. Formation Mechanism of Ni/WC Composite Coatings on Carbon Steel. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2019, 33(2): 87-94.

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Abstract

Ni+WC composite cladding was prepared on the surface of 45 ^# steel by vacuum cladding technology. The formation mechanism of nickel-based composite coating was investigated by intermittently sampling. The results show that a Ni-based composite cladding with metallurgical fusion to the matrix and uniform distribution of WC hard particles is obtained on the surface of 45 steel. The entire cladding consists of a 4 mm thick composite layer, a 1 mm thick transition layer, a 20 μm thick diffusion fused zone, and a 250 μm thick diffusion affected zone. The composite layer composes of WC and W-rich multiphase carbide formed after decomposition, surrounded by Ni particles; The main phase constituents of the composite cladding layer include γ-Ni solid solution, Cr₇C₃, Ni_2.9Cr_0.7Fe_0.36, Cr₂₃C₆, Ni₃Fe, Ni₃Si, Ni₃B, W₂C and C. The vacuum cladding process mainly includes the formation of a micro-sintered neck between the particles in the heating stage before the Ni-based alloy particles reach its melting point, and the melting of the Ni-based alloy particles at the beginning stage of its melting point and the third stages of fusion diffusion in the heat preservation stage and position adjustment of the WC particle within micro-area.

Key words: composite formation mechanism vacuum cladding complex phase carbide

Received: 16 August 2018

ZTFLH:

TG174.44

Fund: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51765035);Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51205178)

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	Guirong YANG
	Dawen GAO
	Wenming SONG
	Yufu ZHANG
	Ying MA

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https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2018.510 OR https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2019/V33/I2/87

Table 1 Chemical composition of the Ni based alloy powders (mass fraction, %)

Fig.1 Powder morphology and size (a) Ni-based particles; (b) WC

Fig.2 Ni+20%WC cladding cross-section (a) cladding morphology; (b) diffusion fusion zone (FZ); (c) transition zone (TZ); (d) composite zone (CZ)

Fig.3 Ni+20%WC XRD pattern of the cladding layer

Fig.4 Surface morphologies of preforming composite coating on one side of boding with substrate (a) low magnification; (b) high magnification; (c) morphology of the pit area

Table 2 Compositions of the points A shown in Fig.4 (atomic fraction, %)

Fig.5 Surface morphologies of the side substrate with composite coating (a) overall surface morphology; (b) low magnification; (c) high magnification

Fig.6 Surface morphologies of composite coating during satge sampling (a) low magnification; (b) high magnification; (c) morphology of floc

Fig.7 Area scanning results of the preforming compsite coating

Fig.8 Peeling coatings side surface morphology (a) side overall topography, (b) A side topography, (c) B side topography

Fig.9 Sectional SEM morphology of the stripping coating (a) overall SEM morphology; (b) section SEM morphology; (c) enlarged section morphology

Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the cladding process (a) before cladding; (b) early cladding; (c) middle cladding; (d) late cladding; (e) schematic illustration

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