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材料研究学报  2026, Vol. 40 Issue (5): 385-394    DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2025.281
  研究论文 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 |
Ta含量对DZ411合金疲劳裂纹扩展的影响
吴望月1,2, 刘心刚2(), 姜祥伟2, 董加胜2
1.中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110016
2.中国科学院金属研究所 沈阳 110016
Effect of Ta Content on Fatigue Crack Extension Behavior of DZ411 Alloy
WU Wangyue1,2, LIU Xingang2(), JIANG Xiangwei2, DONG Jiasheng2
1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
2.Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
引用本文:

吴望月, 刘心刚, 姜祥伟, 董加胜. Ta含量对DZ411合金疲劳裂纹扩展的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(5): 385-394.
Wangyue WU, Xingang LIU, Xiangwei JIANG, Jiasheng DONG. Effect of Ta Content on Fatigue Crack Extension Behavior of DZ411 Alloy[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2026, 40(5): 385-394.

全文: PDF(26714 KB)   HTML
摘要: 

以DZ411合金为基础采用定向凝固技术制备三种不同Ta含量的合金板,经标准热处理后进行疲劳裂纹扩展实验,采用配有能谱仪的扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及电子背散射衍射(EBSD)等手段对其表征,研究了在不同温度下Ta含量对DZ411合金疲劳裂纹扩展的影响。结果表明,裂纹扩展可分为3个阶段:第I阶段,裂纹纵向穿过一次枝晶干;第II阶段,裂纹绕过一次枝晶干并截断二次枝晶臂;第III阶段,裂纹完全绕开枝晶干沿枝晶间扩展。在室温下,Ta含量的提高使DZ411合金中的疲劳裂纹扩展速率提高,裂纹扩展路径垂直于载荷方向且主要受碳化物的影响。在450 ℃,Ta含量对裂纹的稳态扩展阶段没有显著的影响,裂纹扩展路径因晶粒取向的影响倾向于进入高施密特因子晶粒沿晶界扩展。在900 ℃,Ta含量的提高使疲劳裂纹扩展速率降低,裂纹扩展路径与室温时的类似,但是碳化物的影响降低,直至断裂也未完全进入第III阶段。

关键词 : 金属材料,  疲劳裂纹扩展,  定向凝固高温合金,  DZ411合金,  Ta元素    
Abstract:

Plates of a directional solidification DZ411 alloy with different Ta-content (namely 3%, 3.5% and 4% Ta) were prepared by means of liquid metal cooling directional solidification technique, and subjected to standard heat treatment in atmosphere. Then, the effect of Ta content and heat treatment temperatures (800 oC, 900 oC, 1000 oC) on the fatigue crack growth behavior of DZ411 alloy plates along the direction parallel to the grain growth direction (L-direction), i.e., the direction of directional solidification of the alloy were investigated via electro-hydraulic servo fatigue testing machine by constant load with increment K method in air at room temperature, 450 oC and 900 oC respectively, while calculating the crack length through flexibility method, as well as field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy spectrometer. The results show that at room temperature, an increase in Ta content leads to a higher fatigue crack growth rate, with the crack propagation path perpendicular to the loading direction and primarily influenced by carbides. The process can be differentiated into three stages: I) the crack passes through the primary dendrite axis; II) the crack bypasses the primary dendrite axis and cuts through the secondary dendrite arm; III) the crack completely bypasses the dendrite axis and propagates along the interdendritic region. At 450 oC, the Ta-content has no significant effect on the stable crack growth stage. The crack propagation path is influenced by grain orientation, tending to enter high-Schmidt factor grains and adjacent grain boundaries. At 900 oC, an increase in Ta-content results in an overall decrease in the fatigue crack growth rate, with the crack propagation path similar to that at room temperature. However, the influence of carbides weakens, and the crack does not fully enter stage III even at fracture.

Key words: metallic materials    fatigue crack extension    directionally solidified superalloy    DZ411 alloy    Ta elements
收稿日期: 2025-09-12     
ZTFLH:  TG146.1  
基金资助:中国科学院C类先导专项(XDC0160302)
通讯作者: 刘心刚,研究员,liuxingang@imr.ac.cn,研究方向为镍基高温合金材料
Corresponding author: LIU Xingang, Tel: (024)23971712, E-mail: liuxingang@imr.ac.cn
作者简介: 吴望月,男,2000年生,硕士生
AlloyAlCoCrMoTaTiWBCNi
3Ta3.249.5313.851.503.04.903.790.010.10Bal.
3.5Ta3.209.5413.871.493.54.873.800.010.10Bal.
4Ta3.199.5213.861.494.04.863.790.010.10Bal.
表1  不同Ta含量DZ411合金板的化学成分
图1  试样的取样示意图
图2  用于不同温度CT试样的图纸
图3  三种不同Ta含量合金的组织
Alloyγ′ phase cubicity / %γ′ phase area fraction / %Carbide area fraction / %
3Ta85.3 ± 1.343.3 ± 0.80.68 ± 0.07
3.5Ta87.3 ± 1.044.9 ± 0.70.88 ± 0.11
4Ta90.1 ± 0.946.9 ± 1.20.97 ± 0.14
表2  不同Ta含量合金的γ′相含量、立方度以及碳化物含量
图4  不同温度的da/dN-ΔK曲线
图5  三种合金在不同温度下疲劳断口的宏观形貌
图6  裂纹长度不同的三种成分合金试样的室温疲劳断口的微观形貌
图7  裂纹长度不同的三种成分合金试样450 ℃疲劳断口的微观形貌
图8  3.5Ta合金试样450 ℃断口后段的EBSD图谱
图9  不同裂纹长度的三种成分合金试样900 ℃疲劳断口的微观形貌
图10  裂纹扩展路径示意图
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