临界退火工艺对<strong>500 MPa</strong>级风电用钢焊接接头断裂韧性的优化

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2025.286

材料研究学报

2026, Vol. 40

Issue (6): 414-424 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2025.286

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

临界退火工艺对500 MPa级风电用钢焊接接头断裂韧性的优化

高崇¹, 熊理晞¹^,², 陈子豪¹^,², 梁治智¹^,², 麻衡³^,⁴, 何康³^,⁵, 何金珊⁵, 庞建超¹(

), 张哲峰¹

^1.中国科学院金属研究所沈阳材料科学国家研究中心沈阳 110016
^2.东北大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110819
^3.山钢股份莱芜分公司技术中心济南 271104
^4.北京科技大学冶金与生态学院北京 100083
^5.北京科技大学钢铁共性技术协同创新中心北京 100083

Optimization of Fracture Toughness of Welded Joints of Q500 Steel Plates by Intercritical Annealing

GAO Chong¹, XIONG Lixi¹^,², CHEN Zihao¹^,², LIANG Zhizhi¹^,², MA Heng³^,⁴, HE Kang³^,⁵, HE Jinshan⁵, PANG Jianchao¹(

), ZHANG Zhefeng¹

^1.Shenyang National Laboratory Center for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenyang 110016, China
^2.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
^3.Laiwu Branch Technology Center, Shandong Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., Jinan 271104, China
^4.School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
^5.Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

引用本文:

高崇, 熊理晞, 陈子豪, 梁治智, 麻衡, 何康, 何金珊, 庞建超, 张哲峰. 临界退火工艺对500 MPa级风电用钢焊接接头断裂韧性的优化[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(6): 414-424.
Chong GAO, Lixi XIONG, Zihao CHEN, Zhizhi LIANG, Heng MA, Kang HE, Jinshan HE, Jianchao PANG, Zhefeng ZHANG. Optimization of Fracture Toughness of Welded Joints of Q500 Steel Plates by Intercritical Annealing[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2026, 40(6): 414-424.

全文: PDF(32688 KB) HTML

摘要:

将热机械控制工艺处理(在1200 ℃固溶2 h 后进行7道次粗轧和4 道次精轧)的500 MPa级风电用钢进行不同温度的临界热处理，并进行埋弧焊将V型坡口对接。使用全自动显微硬度测试系统Leco Amh43、Zeiss Sigma 500型场发射电子显微镜(SEM)、体视显微镜VHX-1000E等手段表征裂纹尖端张开位移(CTOD)、试样宏观断面、焊接接头的组织结构、显微硬度等，研究了临界退火工艺对500 MPa级风电用钢母材和接头断裂韧性的优化，包括显微组织演变、强韧性变化和断裂机理。结果表明，热处理后的母材具有铁素体和马氏体软硬相结合的双相结构，热影响区以铁素体和粒状贝氏体为主，为板条状铁素体和马氏体/奥氏体(M/A)组元。在800 ℃临界退火焊接后接头的综合性能比原始态明显优化，铁素体使塑性变形能力提高，晶界上的小尺寸块状M/A组元提高了裂纹扩展阻力，进而提高了强韧性。其屈服强度和抗拉强度分别提高12.6%和8.4%，伸长率提高9.6%，CTOD断裂最大值达到0.722 mm (提高了110%以上)。

关键词 ：金属材料, 焊接接头, 临界退火, 裂纹尖端张开位移

Abstract：

To meet the growing demands of the wind power industry, enhancing the strength and toughness of weld joints of steels for wind turbine tower has become a key research focus. Herein, the performance of 500 MPa grade wind power steel was optimized by means of thermo-mechanical control process (TMCP) routes combined with intercritical annealing (IA). Namely, Q500 steel plates, a wind power of 500 MPa grade were subjected to 1200 ^oC solid solution for 2 h, followed by 7 passes of rough rolling and 4 passes of fine rolling to acquire the so called original plates. These plates were then heated to 720 ^oC, 750 ^oC and 800 ^oC respectively, for 15 min, and water cooling. The original plate and the three heat-treated plates were respectively welded by V-shaped groove submerged arc welding for butt joints. Then the weld joints were characterized by microstructure examination, microhardness tester, tensile test, and crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) tests at -20 ^oC etc. The variations in microstructure, mechanical properties, and fracture mechanisms were systematically analyzed. The results indicate that the microstructure of the heat treated steels is mainly composed of ferrite and martensite. The heat-affected zone of their weld joints is predominantly composed of ferrite and granular bainite, while the weld seam features as lath ferrite and martensite/austenite (M/A). Compared with the weld joints for the original plate, the comprehensive mechanical performance of the weld joint for the steel plate after 800 ^oC intercritical annealing is significantly improved, which may be ascribed to that the ferrite enhances plastic deformation capacity, while the fine blocky M/A constituents at grain boundaries increase crack propagation resistance, thereby contributing to an overall improvement in strength and toughness. Specifically, the yield strength and tensile strength increase by 12.6% and 8.4%, respectively, elongation improves by 9.6%, and the maximum CTOD fracture value reaches 0.722 mm, representing an enhancement of over 110%.

Key words： metallic materials weld joint intercritical annealing crack tip opening displacement

收稿日期: 2025-09-16

ZTFLH:

TG142.33

基金资助:国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3708200)

通讯作者: 庞建超，研究员，jcpang@imr.ac.cn，研究方向为材料疲劳与断裂

Corresponding author: PANG Jianchao, Tel: (024) 83978779, E-mail: jcpang@imr.ac.cn

作者简介: 高崇，男，1996年生，硕士

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	张哲峰
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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2025.286 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2026/V40/I6/414

表1 Q500的化学成分

图1 试样尺寸的示意图

图2 各焊接试样母材、热影响区(细晶区和粗晶区)和焊缝区的微观组织

图3 各焊接接头的显微硬度分布

图4 工程应力-应变曲线、真应力-应变曲线、Hollomon分析曲线以及抗拉强度与伸长率的关系

表2 Q500和热处理试样的拉伸性能

图5 各焊接材料的拉伸宏观断面

图 6 各焊接材料的拉伸纤维区形貌

图7 F-V曲线和CTOD特征值的对比

表3 初始裂纹的长度 (mm)

表4 终止裂纹的长度 (mm)

表5 Q500和热处理试样的CTOD实验结果

图8 CTOD试样的宏观断面

图9 各CTOD试样的预制疲劳裂纹区、裂纹扩展区和剪切唇的微观形貌

图10 CTOD试样剖面的裂纹扩展形貌

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