热成形工艺对<strong>24Mn2CrNb</strong>钢组织和性能的影响

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2025.231

材料研究学报

2026, Vol. 40

Issue (4): 263-273 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2025.231

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

热成形工艺对24Mn2CrNb钢组织和性能的影响

王恒霖¹, 黄文静², 朱国辉², 丁汉林¹(

), 王子健¹, 项重辰¹

^1.苏州大学金属材料与先进制造学院苏州 215006
^2.安徽工业大学冶金工程学院马鞍山 243032

Impact of Hot Stamping Process Parameters on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 24Mn2CrNb Automotive Steel

WANG Henglin¹, HUANG Wenjing², ZHU Guohui², DING Hanlin¹(

), WANG Zijian¹, XIANG Zhongchen¹

^1.School of Metallic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
^2.School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, China

引用本文:

王恒霖, 黄文静, 朱国辉, 丁汉林, 王子健, 项重辰. 热成形工艺对24Mn2CrNb钢组织和性能的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(4): 263-273.
Henglin WANG, Wenjing HUANG, Guohui ZHU, Hanlin DING, Zijian WANG, Zhongchen XIANG. Impact of Hot Stamping Process Parameters on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 24Mn2CrNb Automotive Steel[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2026, 40(4): 263-273.

全文: PDF(28193 KB) HTML

摘要:

研究了奥氏体化温度和分级淬火等热成形工艺对24Mn2CrNb钢的显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明，随着奥氏体化温度的提高奥氏体晶粒逐渐增大。奥氏体化温度为930 ℃的24Mn2CrNb钢其综合力学性能最优：屈服强度为1377 MPa、抗拉强度达1815 MPa、伸长率为11.13%和强塑积(最高)为20.20 GPa·%。进行分级淬火模拟热冲压，在250 ℃分级淬火生成细小的板条马氏体组织，在450 ℃等温处理则生成贝氏体/马氏体双相结构。24Mn2CrNb钢的优异性能可归因于细晶强化、位错强化和第二相粒子析出强化的协同作用。24Mn2CrNb钢的抗高温氧化性能显著优于传统的22MnB5钢，因脱碳层的深度小于5 μm可进行无涂层裸板热冲压成形。

关键词 ：金属材料, 热成形, 高强塑积, 显微组织

Abstract：

The effect of hot stamping process parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 24Mn2CrNb automotive steel was studied, focusing on austenitizing temperatures at 860 ^oC, 890 ^oC, 910 ^oC, 930 ^oC, 860 ^oC, 890 ^oC, 910 ^oC, 930 ^oC and step quenching at 250 ^oC,450 ^oC. Results showed that with the increasing austenitizing temperature, the austenite grain size coarsened slowly. Optimal comprehensive mechanical properties that tensile strength of 1815 MPa, yield strength of 1377 MPa, elongation of 11.13%, and strength-ductility product of 20.20 GPa·% were achieved for the steel austenitizing at 930 ^oC. Step quenching simulations of hot stamping revealed the microstructural evolution of the steel that quenching at 250 ^oC produced refined lath martensite, while isothermal treatment at 450 ^oC produced bainite and martensite. The excellent properties of 24Mn2CrNb steel may originate from synergistic strengthening mechanisms involving grain refinement, dislocation and precipitates hardening. The steel demonstrated superior high-temperature oxidation resistance compared to 22MnB5 steel, with decarburization depth below 5 μm, it suitable for coating-free hot stamping applications.

Key words： metallic materials hot stamping high product of strength and elongation microstructure

收稿日期: 2025-07-18

ZTFLH:

TG306

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(52174367)

通讯作者: 丁汉林，教授，dinghanlin@suda.edu.cn，研究方向为高性能轻型金属材料开发与应用、金属材料强韧化机理;

Corresponding author: DING Hanlin, Tel: 18896736263, E-mail: dinghanlin@suda.edu.cn

作者简介: 王恒霖，男，1996年生，博士生

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图1 24Mn2CrNb钢的模拟热成形步骤

图2 24Mn2CrNb钢的拉伸试样示意图

图3 不同奥氏体化温度24Mn2CrNb钢的组织

表1 24Mn2CrNb钢和22MnB5钢在不同奥氏体化温度热处理后的力学性能

图4 24Mn2CrNb钢在不同温度分级淬火处理后的显微组织

表2 不同分级淬火24Mn2CrNb钢的力学性能

图5 在不同温度分级淬火处理后24Mn2CrNb钢的断口SEM形貌

图6 在不同温度奥氏体化24Mn2CrNb钢的显微组织

图7 分别在860 ℃和930 ℃奥氏体化的24Mn2CrNb钢的IPF、KAM图

图8 在930 ℃奥氏体化后24Mn2CrNb钢的TEM图

图9 在不同温度奥氏体化的24Mn2CrNb钢中第二相粒子的分布

图10 在860 ℃奥氏体化的24Mn2CrNb钢中的第二相粒子及其EDS能谱

图11 在930 ℃奥氏体化的24Mn2CrNb钢中第二相粒子的TEM、HRTEM和FFT图

图12 24Mn2CrNb钢中析出的NbC粒子的体积分数与温度的关系

图13 24Mn2CrNb钢与22MnB5钢在930 ℃空气环境中等温氧化增重的对比

图14 22MnB5钢在930 ℃空气中氧化不同时间后的显微组织

图15 24Mn2CrNb钢在930 ℃空气中氧化不同时间后的显微组织

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