粉末冶金热等静压工艺成形<strong>TC11</strong>合金长时间热暴露后的力学性能

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2025.312

材料研究学报

2026, Vol. 40

Issue (8): 572-582 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2025.312

钛合金专题

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

粉末冶金热等静压工艺成形TC11合金长时间热暴露后的力学性能

杨垒¹^,², 尚学文²^,³, 田晓生², 高慧颖¹, 徐磊²(

)

^1.沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142
^2.中国科学院金属研究所师昌绪先进材料创新中心沈阳 110016
^3.中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110016

Variation of Microstructure and Mechanical Property of Powder Metallurgy Hot Isostatic Pressed TC11 Alloy After Thermal Exposure for 400 h

YANG Lei¹^,², SHANG Xuewen²^,³, TIAN Xiaosheng², GAO Huiying¹, XU Lei²(

)

^1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
^2.Shi -changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
^3.School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China

引用本文:

杨垒, 尚学文, 田晓生, 高慧颖, 徐磊. 粉末冶金热等静压工艺成形TC11合金长时间热暴露后的力学性能[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(8): 572-582.
Lei YANG, Xuewen SHANG, Xiaosheng TIAN, Huiying GAO, Lei XU. Variation of Microstructure and Mechanical Property of Powder Metallurgy Hot Isostatic Pressed TC11 Alloy After Thermal Exposure for 400 h[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2026, 40(8): 572-582.

全文: PDF(25234 KB) HTML

摘要:

用粉末冶金热等静压成形工艺在940 ℃/120 MPa条件下经3 h制备了TC11钛合金工件，并在500 ℃长期热暴露400 h后测定其高温(500 ℃)拉伸性能，使用X射线衍射仪、金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、电子背散射衍射以及透射电子显微镜等手段对其表征，研究了这种合金的显微组织的演化、力学性能及其机制。结果表明，所制备的TC11合金具有良好的组织稳定性，热暴露后等轴α等效直径和层片α厚度分别为3.7 μm和2.5 μm，在500 ℃热暴露后，所制备TC11合金的拉伸性能呈现一定的提高，若在更高温度热暴露，其强度则降低。晶粒尺寸的变化和α₂相和硅化物的析出对合金的性能有显著的影响。基于热暴露过程中合金显微组织的演化，提出了Hall-Petch关系参数变化的可能途径。

关键词 ：金属材料, TC11合金, 热等静压, 热暴露, 显微组织, 力学性能

Abstract：

Herein, work-pieces of TC11 Ti-alloy were made via powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing (PM-HIP) technique. Then the tensile property of the as made TC11 Ti-alloys was studied at 500 ^oC for long-term (400 h), in terms of the variation of their microstructure and mechanical property with the thermal exposure via high-temperature tensile test, optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) etc. The results show that the made TC11 Ti-alloy has good microstructure stability. After thermal exposure, the equivalent diameter of equiaxed α and the thickness of lamellar α remain basically at 3.7 μm and 2.5 μm. After long term exposure at 500 ^oC, the made TC11 Ti-alloy presents an improvement to a certain extent in tensile strength, while exposure at higher temperature the alloy shows a decrease in strength. The study suggests that the grain size change and the precipitation of α₂ phase, and silicides significantly affect the alloy performance. Moreover, based on the actual microstructure evolution process during thermal exposure, the possible pathways of Hall-Petch relationship parameter changes under this process are proposed.

Key words： metallic materials TC11 alloy hot isostatic pressing thermal exposure microstructure mechanical properties

收稿日期: 2025-10-27

ZTFLH:

TF124

基金资助:新材料重大专项(2025ZD0610602);中国科学院稳定支持基础研究领域青年团队计划(YSBR-025);辽宁省科技重大专项(2024JH1/11700027);中国科学院重点部署项目(RCJJ-145-24-39);中国科学院重点部署项目(KGFZD-145-25-26)

通讯作者: 徐磊，研究员，lxu@imr.ac.cn，研究方向为粉末近净成形技术

Corresponding author: XU Lei, Tel: (024)83978843, E-mail: lxu@imr.ac.cn

作者简介: 杨垒，男，2000年生，硕士生

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	杨垒
	尚学文
	田晓生
	高慧颖
	徐磊
44.8K

链接本文:

https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2025.312 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2026/V40/I8/572

图1 TC11预合金粉末的粒度分布和形貌

表1 合金的化学成分和杂质的含量

图2 TC11粉末和TC11合金、对照组合金热暴露前后的XRD谱

图3 TC11合金和对照组合金热暴露前后的显微组织

图4 TC11合金热暴露前后的晶粒尺寸

图5 TC11合金热暴露前后的SEM照片

图6 TC11合金热暴露前后的EBSD图

图7 TC11合金热暴露前后的力学性能

图8 合金热暴露前后的拉伸微观断口和纳米压痕硬度

图9 PM-HIP TC11合金热暴露前后的TEM照片

图10 PM-HIP TC11合金热暴露前后的组织演化示意图

[1]	Zhang B, Lei L M, Jiang X L, et al. On temperature and strain rate dependent strain localization behavior in Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si alloy [J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2013, 29(3): 273 doi: 10.1016/j.jmst.2012.12.004
[2]	Li C, Li W, Cai L, et al. Microstructure based cracking behavior and life assessment of titanium alloy under very-high-cycle fatigue with elevated temperatures [J]. Int. J. Fatigue, 2022, 161: 106914 doi: 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2022.106914
[3]	Chen H Q, Cao C X, Guo L, et al. Hot deformation mechanism and microstructure evolution of TC11 titanium alloy in β field [J]. Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 2008, 18(5): 1021 doi: 10.1016/S1003-6326(08)60175-2
[4]	Zhu Y Y, Tian X J, Li J, et al. Microstructure evolution and layer bands of laser melting deposition Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si titanium alloy [J]. J. Alloy. Compd., 2014, 616: 468 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.07.161
[5]	Gu Y, Zeng F H, Qi Y L, et al. Tensile creep behavior of heat-treated TC11 titanium alloy at 450-550 ^oC [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2013, 575A: 74
[6]	Wang W, Hou Y, Xin S W, et al. Quantitative relationship between microstructural parameters and tensile properties of TC11 alloy [J]. Chin. J. Nonferrous Met., 2025, 35(7): 2327
[6]	王伟, 侯妍, 辛社伟等. TC11合金显微组织特征参数与拉伸性能的定量关系 [J]. 中国有色金属学报, 2025, 35(7): 2327
[7]	Guo R P, Xu L, Zong B, Y, et al. Preparation and ring rolling processing of large size Ti-6Al-4V powder compact [J]. Mater Des, 2016, 99: 341 doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.02.128
[8]	Cai C, Song B, Xue P J, et al. Effect of hot isostatic pressing procedure on performance of Ti6Al4V: Surface qualities, microstructure and mechanical properties [J]. J. Alloy. Compd., 2016, 686: 55 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.05.280
[9]	Xu L, Guo R P, Wu J, et al. Progress in hot isostatic pressing technology of titanium alloy powder [J]. Acta Metall. Sin., 2018, 54(11): 1537
[9]	徐磊, 郭瑞鹏, 吴杰等. 钛合金粉末热等静压近净成形研究进展 [J]. 金属学报, 2018, 54(11): 1537
[10]	Wei Q S, Xue P J, Liu G C, et al. Simulation and verification of near-net shaping a complex-shaped turbine disc by hot isostatic pressing process [J]. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., 2014, 74(9): 1667 doi: 10.1007/s00170-014-6111-1
[11]	Xu L, Guo R P, Chen Z Y, et al. Mechanical property of powder compact and forming of large thin-wall cylindrical structure of Ti55 alloys [J]. Chin. J. Mater. Res., 2016, 30(1): 23 doi: 10.11901/1005.3093.2015.284
[11]	徐磊, 郭瑞鹏, 陈志勇等. Ti55粉末合金的拉伸性能和薄壁筒体结构的成型 [J]. 材料研究学报, 2016, 30(1): 23
[12]	Wang H, Tan C S, Zhao J, et al. Effect of creep stress on the high-temperature tensile stability of TC11 titanium alloy [J]. J. Mater. Sci., 2023, 58(12): 5503 doi: 10.1007/s10853-023-08307-8
[13]	Shao Z, Zhang Z J, Liu R, et al. Fatigue strength plateau induced by primary alpha phase size in TC11 alloy [J]. Adv. Eng. Mater., 2025, 27(5): 2402891 doi: 10.1002/adem.v27.5
[14]	Xu G H, Zhang X H, Zhao C M, et al. Microstructure of PM TC11 alloy and its effect on mechanical behavior [J]. Aerosp. Mater. Technol., 2013, 43(3): 110
[14]	徐桂华, 张绪虎, 赵翠梅等. TC11粉末钛合金的微观组织及其形成机理 [J]. 宇航材料工艺, 2013, 43(3): 110
[15]	Zhang W F, Gao W, Liu G Y, et al. The influence of high temperature exposure on fracture behaviors of TC11 titanium alloy [J]. J. Aeronaut. Mater., 2004, 24(2): 1
[15]	张卫方, 高威, 刘高远等. 热暴露对TC11钛合金断裂行为的影响 [J]. 航空材料学报, 2004, 24(2): 1
[16]	Chen Y, Yang C, Fan C, et al. Microstructure evolution mechanism and mechanical properties of TC11-TC17 dual alloy after annealing treatment [J]. J. Alloy. Compd., 2020, 842: 155874 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.155874
[17]	Shang X W, Lu Z G, Guo R P, et al. Influence of hot isostatic pressing temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si alloy [J]. Acta Metall. Sin. (Engl. Lett.), 2025, 38(4): 627 doi: 10.1007/s40195-025-01820-6
[18]	Dareh Baghi A, Nafisi S, Ebendorff-Heidepriem H, et al. Microstructural development of Ti-6Al-4V alloy via powder metallurgy and laser powder bed fusion [J]. Metals, 2022, 12(9): 1462 doi: 10.3390/met12091462
[19]	Motyka M. Martensite formation and decomposition during traditional and AM processing of two-phase titanium alloys—An overview [J]. Metals, 2021, 11(3): 481 doi: 10.3390/met11030481
[20]	Li S Q, Chen Z Y, Wang Z H, et al. Microstructure study of a rapid solidification powder metallurgy high temperature titanium alloy [J]. Acta Metall. Sin., 2013, 49(4): 464 doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1037.2012.00654
[20]	李少强, 陈志勇, 王志宏等. 一种快速凝固粉末冶金高温钛合金微观组织特征研究 [J]. 金属学报, 2013, 49(4): 464
[21]	Yu T, Wang L, Zhao Y Q, et al. Effects of thermal exposure on cyclic deformation and fracture behavior of Ti600 titanium alloy [J]. Int. J. Fatigue, 2012, 35(1): 31 doi: 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2010.12.015
[22]	Hui Q C, Chun X C. Characterization of hot deformation microstructures of alpha-beta titanium alloy with equiaxed structure [J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2012, 22(3): 503 doi: 10.1016/S1003-6326(11)61205-3
[23]	Yang X Y, Jiang M C, Ren D C, et al. Effect of thermal mechanical deformation on microstructure and properties of the diffusion bonded TC11 titanium alloy [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2025, 942A: 148678
[24]	Zhang Y D, Li G P, Liu C Z, et al. Microstructure evolution of α''-phase and α'-phase and microhardness of TC11 titanium alloy [J]. Chin. J. Mater. Res., 2019, 33(6): 443
[24]	张英东, 李阁平, 刘承泽等. TC11钛合金中α″相和α′相的组织演变和显微硬度 [J]. 材料研究学报, 2019, 33(6): 443 doi: 10.11901/1005.3093.2018.474
[25]	Gu Y, Qi Y L, Xia C Q, et al. Effects of thermal exposure on microstructure and mechanical properties of TC11 titanium alloy [J]. Chin. J. Nonferrous Met., 2013, 23(4): 997
[25]	古一, 戚延龄, 夏长清等. 热暴露对TC11钛合金组织和力学性能的影响 [J]. 中国有色金属学报, 2013, 23(4): 997
[26]	Xu Z C, Yang W J, Fan J F, et al. Effect of multidirectional isothermal forging on microstructure and mechanical properties in Ti-6Al-4V alloy [J]. Materials, 2022, 15(9): 3156 doi: 10.3390/ma15093156
[27]	Xu L, Yao L P, Lu Z G, et al. Development of powder metallurgy Ti₂AlNb alloys [J]. Aeronaut. Manuf. Technol., 2019, 62(22): 14
[27]	徐磊, 姚利盼, 卢正冠等. 粉末冶金Ti₂AlNb合金研究进展 [J]. 航空制造技术, 2019, 62(22): 14
[28]	Bourgeois L, Zhang Y, Zhang Z Z, et al. Transforming solid-state precipitates via excess vacancies [J]. Nat. Commun., 2020, 11(1): 1248 doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-15087-1 pmid: 32144262
[29]	Zheng H J, Fan X G, Zeng X, et al. Crystal orientation and morphology of α lamellae in wrought titanium alloys: On the role of microstructure evolution in β processing [J]. Chin. J. Aeronaut., 2019, 32(5): 1305 doi: 10.1016/j.cja.2018.07.014
[30]	Zhang M Y, Yun X B, Fu H W. Effect of solution and aging treatment on microstructure and impact properties of TC11 titanium alloy [J]. Rare Met. Mater. Eng., 2023, 52(5): 1759
[30]	张明玉, 运新兵, 伏洪旺. 固溶时效处理对TC11钛合金组织与冲击性能的影响 [J]. 稀有金属材料与工程, 2023, 52(5): 1759
[31]	Jia Y D, Ma Y J, Shi R P, et al. Probing nanoscale variant distribution in a heterogenous α/β titanium alloy [J]. Acta Mater., 2025, 296: 121148 doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2025.121148
[32]	Zhang H Y, Wang C, Zhang S Q, et al. Evolution of secondary α phase during aging treatment in novel near β Ti-6Mo-5V-3Al-2Fe alloy [J]. Materials, 2018, 11(11): 2283 doi: 10.3390/ma11112283
[33]	Li Q N, Li K, Yuan W H. In situ investigation of the mechanical property anisotropy of TC11 forgings through electron backscatter diffraction [J]. Materials, 2025, 18(10): 2384 doi: 10.3390/ma18102384
[34]	Guo R P, Cheng M, Lu Z G, et al. Powder metallurgy TC11 titanium alloy via hot isostatic pressing: preparation, microstructure and high-cycle fatigue property [J]. Aeronaut. Manuf. Technol., 2024, 67(17): 44
[34]	郭瑞鹏, 程敏, 卢正冠等. 粉末冶金TC11钛合金的热等静压制备与高周疲劳性能研究 [J]. 航空制造技术, 2024, 67(17): 44
[35]	Guo R P, Yu B B, Shi X H, et al. Effect of powder size on fatigue properties of Ti-6Al-4V powder compact using hot isostatic pressing [J]. JOM, 2019, 71(10): 3614 doi: 10.1007/s11837-019-03612-7
[36]	Gey N, Bocher P, Uta E, et al. Texture and microtexture variations in a near-α titanium forged disk of bimodal microstructure [J]. Acta Mater., 2012, 60(6-7): 2647 doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.01.031
[37]	Hansen N. Hall-Petch relation and boundary strengthening [J]. Scr. Mater., 2004, 51(8): 801 doi: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.06.002
[38]	Chong Y, Deng G Y, Gao S, et al. Yielding nature and Hall-Petch relationships in Ti-6Al-4V alloy with fully equiaxed and bimodal microstructures [J]. Scr. Mater., 2019, 172: 77 doi: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2019.07.015
[39]	Wu Z W, Qiu C L, Venkatesh V, et al. The influence of precipitation of Alpha2 on properties and microstructure in TIMETAL 6-4 [J]. Metall. Mater. Trans., 2013, 44A(4) : 1706
[40]	Derimow N, Benzing J T, Garcia J, et al. Precipitation hardening of laser powder bed fusion Ti-6Al-4V [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2025, 921A: 147549
[41]	Liu Z M, Xin S W, Zhao Y Q, et al. Effect of thermal exposure on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of TC25G alloy [J]. Materials, 2023, 16(12): 4462 doi: 10.3390/ma16124462
[42]	Wang Y C, Liu J Y, Liu J R, et al. Effects of thermal exposure temperature on room-temperature tensile properties of Ti65 alloy [J]. Materials, 2024, 17(17): 4424 doi: 10.3390/ma17174424
[43]	Ankem S, Banerjee D, McNeish D J, et al. Silicide formation in Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Zr-4Mo [J]. Metall. Trans., 1987, 18A(12) : 2015
[44]	Radecka A, Coakley J, Vorontsov V A, et al. Precipitation of the ordered α₂ phase in a near-α titanium alloy [J]. Scr. Mater., 2016, 117: 81 doi: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.02.015

[1]	胡明, 王啟睿, 邱建科, 雷晓飞, 张金虎, 董利民, 杨锐. 拉拔变形量对超高强钛合金棒材强塑性的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(8): 561-571.
[2]	陈尧, 陈志勇, 柏春光. Ti₂AlNb合金薄板的微观组织、织构和力学性能[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(8): 583-594.
[3]	宋肖桐, 陈思旭, 邱建科, 胡明, 张明杰, 昝晓东, 雷家峰. 热加工对紧固件用Ti55531棒材断裂韧性的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(8): 595-604.
[4]	张铭原, 闻明, 李思勰, 张滨, 张广平. 制备工艺参数对磁控溅射Ni5Pt薄膜的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(8): 613-623.
[5]	郑沁园, 郑成武, 路轶, 朱海龙, 刘朋, 栾义坤, 李殿中. 软化退火对冷轧中锰钢再结晶和相变的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(6): 401-413.
[6]	高崇, 熊理晞, 陈子豪, 梁治智, 麻衡, 何康, 何金珊, 庞建超, 张哲峰. 临界退火工艺对500 MPa级风电用钢焊接接头断裂韧性的优化[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(6): 414-424.
[7]	徐磊, 李若辰, 田晓生, 卢正冠. ЭП741粉末合金中的缺陷对力学性能的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(6): 425-436.
[8]	邓智文, 贾春妮, 刘腾远, 路轶, 郑成武, 王培, 李殿中. 锰影响中锰钢TRIP效应的晶体塑性计算[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(6): 437-449.
[9]	姜兴国, 沈文卓, 杨涛, 张佳利, 钟民, 曹贺, 郭守武. 还原氧化石墨烯铜基复合材料的耐腐蚀性能及其机理[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(6): 450-456.
[10]	杨睿韬, 梁斌, 庞生洋, 胡成龙, 张伟, 樊俊铃, 汤素芳. BN粉体的结晶度对Cu-Si合金润湿行为的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(6): 457-464.
[11]	赵欣宇, 刘恩泽, 张功, 赵媛, 宁礼奎, 信昕, 贾丹, 刘伟华, 谭政. DD10合金钎焊接头的力学性能[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(6): 465-473.
[12]	郭威, 张月林, 曹梓恒, 李龙丰, 赵觅, 吴树森. 热处理温度对FeCrVTa_0.1W_0.1Ti_0.1C_0.17 多组元合金组织与性能的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(6): 474-480.
[13]	尹晓彤, 田雨欣, 冯盛, 李文颖, 王立兴, 张丽娜, 张伟. Sb₂S₃/Sn₃O₄ S型异质结构光催化剂的制备及其降解甲基橙的性能[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(5): 352-360.
[14]	张志凯, 雷佳双, 姚冰亚, 陈思雨, 刘硕, 孙玉伟, 汤茜. CuFe₂O₄/BaTiO₃ 复合材料的制备及其降解四环素的性能[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(5): 361-371.
[15]	吴望月, 刘心刚, 姜祥伟, 董加胜. Ta含量对DZ411合金疲劳裂纹扩展的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(5): 385-394.

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed