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Chinese Journal of Materials Research  2026, Vol. 40 Issue (8): 631-640    DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2025.287
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Preparation and Property of High-performance Organic-inorganic Composite Conversion Film for Galvanized Fasteners
LI Qingpeng1,2(), AN Xiaoyun1, SHANG Ying3, LIU Jiaxing1,4, LUAN Junhan1, LI Yongzhi5, WANG Na1,2
1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
2.Shenyang Research Institute of Industrial Technology for Advanced Coating Materials, Shenyang 110142, China
3.Sembcorp Shenyang Water Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110141, China
4.Fudis Petrochemical Technology (Huludao) Co., Ltd., Huludao 125000, China
5.Shenyang Hangda Technology Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110034, China
Cite this article: 

LI Qingpeng, AN Xiaoyun, SHANG Ying, LIU Jiaxing, LUAN Junhan, LI Yongzhi, WANG Na. Preparation and Property of High-performance Organic-inorganic Composite Conversion Film for Galvanized Fasteners. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2026, 40(8): 631-640.

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Abstract  

Novel organic-inorganic composite conversion liquids were designed and prepared, aiming to address troubles related with the yellowing and inadequate corrosion resistance of the silane film for galvanized fasteners. First, KH-550 (3-amino propyl triethoxy silane) and KH-560 (3-(2,3-epoxy propoxyoxy) propyl trimethoxy silane) were mixed and hydrolyzed to get organic component, and two series liquid silicates K2SiO3 and Na2SiO3 were prepared by reaction of KOH and NaOH with SiO2 of varying proportion to get silicates of different modulus respectively as inorganic component. Next the novel composite organic-inorganic conversion liquids were obtained by compounding the organic component with the two series inorganic components at 9:1-1:9 respectively. Further, galvanized fasteners were immersed in the liquids for 30-60 s, subsequent dried, and cured at 80-120 oC for 10 min and followed at 180-200 oC for 30 min, thereby, an organic-inorganic conversion film is formed on the galvanized fasteners. The storage stability of the conversion solution and the yellowing resistance of the conversion film were evaluated by macroscopic observation. Results of neutral salt spray testing and copper sulfate titration testing reveal that the corrosion resistance of the potassium silicate containing conversion films was superior to the sodium silicate containing conversion films. The corrosion resistance of conversion films with varying proportion of organic component was assessed by the forementioned way (note, by taking M1(9:1) as an example, herewith M1 presents modulus 1 and 9:1 presents the ratio of the two components). Besides, the corrosion resistance of conversion films prepared with conversion liquids composed of varying proportion of organic component to potassium silicate series of different modulus was assessed by the forementioned way. Meanwhile, the morphology, composition, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the conversion film, which presents the best corrosion resistance were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy, energy spectroscopy, pencil hardness tester, and polarization curve test. The results showed that the prepared films M1(9:1), M1(8:2), M1(7:3), M1(1:9), M2(9:1), M2(8:2) and M3(9:1) all showed a clear and transparent state, without delamination or gel, showing good storage stability. After 72 h salt spray test, the surface of the M3(9:1) conversion film remained intact and clean, without any white rust or red rust, showing the best corrosion resistance. The film is transparent, eliminating the yellowing phenomenon of traditional silane films. SEM observation showed that the film was compact and uniform, tightly bound to the matrix, and had excellent physical shielding performance. The results of the pencil hardness test and adhesion test further confirm that the film has good mechanical properties.

Key words:  surface and interface in the materials      silane coupling agent      conversion coatings      galvanized layer      electrochemical test      corrosion resistance     
Received:  16 September 2025     
ZTFLH:  TG174.4  
Corresponding Authors:  LI Qingpeng, Tel: (024)83988092, E-mail: qpli001@163.com

URL: 

https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2025.287     OR     https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2026/V40/I8/631

Fig.1  Photographs of the composite conversion solution prepared by different proportions of K2SiO3 solution/silane hydrolysate after storage for 180 d
Fig.2  Photographs of the composite conversion solution prepared by different proportions of Na2SiO3 solution/silane hydrolysate after storage for 180 d
Fig.3  Macroscopic morphology of composite conversion membranes prepared by different proportions of K2SiO3 solution/silane hydrolysate
Fig.4  Macroscopic morphology of composite conversion membranes prepared by different proportions of Na2SiO3 solution/silane hydrolysate
Na2SiO3-type composite silane filmK2SiO3-type composite silane film
Bits of time / sAverage time / sBits of time / sAverage time / s
9:154.51010
513
48
49
8:2981515
816
714
815
7:31514.752021.25
1722
1422
1321
Table 1  Titration time of copper sulfate-resistant copper sulfate for organic-inorganic composite conversion membranes prepared with different ratios/silicates
Fig.5  Experimental diagram of a composite conversion membrane prepared by blank fastener samples and different silicate/silane hydrolysate ratios under 5%NaCl neutral salt spray for 72 h
Fig.6  Photographs of the composite conversion solution prepared by different ratios of M2/silane hydrolysate after storage for 180 d
Fig.7  Photographs of the composite conversion solution prepared by different ratios of M3/silane hydrolysate after storage for 180 d
Fig.8  Experimental diagram of a composite conversion membrane prepared by blank fastener samples and different silicate/silane hydrolysate ratios under 5%NaCl neutral salt spray for 72 h
Fig.9  Macroscopic morphology of composite conversion membranes prepared by different proportions of K2SiO3 solution/silane hydrolysate (a) silane film, (b) M3(9:1)
Fig.10  Surface SEM morphology (a) galvanized sheet blank sample, (b) M3(9:1) composite conversion coating
Fig.11  Cross-sectional SEM morphology and EDS images of M3(9:1) composite conversion coating
Fig.12  Adhesion test of M3(9:1) composite conversion coating
Fig.13  Tafel polarization curves of galvanized sheet blank sample and M3(9:1) composite conversion coating
Sampleφcorr / Vjcorr /A·cm-2Rp / Ω·cm2
Blank sample-1.0956.227 × 10-59.542 × 103
M3(9:1)-0.9808.639 × 10-58.419 × 103
Table 2  Fitting data of the potentiometric polarization curve of galvanized sheet blank sample and M3(9:1) composite conversion coating
Fig.14  Schematic diagram of yellowing generation and inhibition mechanism of composite transformation film membranes
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