Improved Design of CLF-1 Steel Based on Thermodynamic Simulation

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2022.279

Chinese Journal of Materials Research

2023, Vol. 37

Issue (8): 590-602 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2022.279

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Improved Design of CLF-1 Steel Based on Thermodynamic Simulation

YANG Dongtian¹^,², XIONG Liangyin¹^,²(

), LIAO Hongbin³, LIU Shi¹^,²

^1.Special Alloy Research Department, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
^2.School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
^3.Southwestern Institute of Physics, Institute for Fusion Science, Chengdu 610225, China

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YANG Dongtian, XIONG Liangyin, LIAO Hongbin, LIU Shi. Improved Design of CLF-1 Steel Based on Thermodynamic Simulation. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2023, 37(8): 590-602.

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Abstract

The composition and quantity of the equilibrium precipitated phases in CLF-1 steel were calculated by means of Thermo-calc software. The variation of element distribution in each equilibrium phase with temperature, the influence of main elements on the precipitation amount and temperature of each phase, and the partition of elements among equilibrium phases were investigated. Meanwhile, the size and number density of the precipitated phases were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Thermodynamic calculation results show that the partition amount of C in TaC phase only accounts for about 3.3% of that in M₂₃C₆. The heterogeneous partition of C is one of the main reasons for the low MX phase precipitation in CLF-1 steel. Without introducing other strong carbide-forming elements, the partition amount of C in MX phase cannot be increased by increasing the C content. The increase of Cr content will reduce the precipitation temperature of TaC, so the Cr content should not exceed 8.8%. The increase of W content will reduce the amount of MX precipitation, so it should not exceed 1.5%. Mn has no significant effect on the amount of every precipitated phase. Finally, N content should not exceed 0.02%. The addition of 0.2%Ti in CLF-1 steel can increase the precipitation amount of MX phase at 650℃ by 9 times, and increase the partition amount of C by 15 times. The experiment result shows that: the addition of 0.2% Ti can reduce the number density of M₂₃C₆ by 21.5%, reduce its average size by 20 nm, and increase the number density of MX phase by 4.7 times. These results strongly verified the promoting effect of Ti element on MX phase precipitation.

Key words: foundational discipline in materials science phase transition and phase diagram improvement of CLF-1 steel thermo-Calc calculation MX phase elemental partitioning fraction

Received: 16 May 2022

ZTFLH:

TG142

Corresponding Authors: XIONG Liangyin, Tel: 13840426146, E-mail: lyxiong@imr.ac.cn

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Table 1 Chemical composition of CLF-1 steel (mass fraction,%)

Fig.1 Variations of equilibrium precipitated phases in CLF-1 steel with temperature

Fig.2 Variations of precipitation temperature of each precipitation phase in CLF-1 steel with alloying element content

Table 2 Main alloying elements in the precipitation phase of CLF-1 steel

Fig.3 Variations of element concentration in each precipitation phase of CLF-1 steel with temperature (a) TaC phase; (b) VN phase; (c) M₂₃C₆; (d) Laves phase

Fig.4 Variations of partitioning fractions (atomic fraction) of Fe, Cr and W in matrix

Fig.5 Variations of partitioning fractions (atomic fraction) of Fe, Cr, W and C in M₂₃C₆ with temperature

Fig.6 Variations of partitioning fractions (atomic fraction) of C, Ta, N and V in MX with temperature (a) VN phase; (b) TaC phase

Fig.7 Variations of partitioning fractions (atomic fraction) of C, Ta, N and V in matrix with temperature

Fig.8 Influence of C content on precipitation volume fraction of each phase in CLF-1 steel (a) TaC phase; (b) VN phase; (c) M₂₃C₆; (d) Laves phase

Fig.9 Influence of N content on precipitation volume fraction of each phase in CLF-1 steel (a) TaC phase; (b) VN phase; (c) M₂₃C₆; (d) Laves phase

Fig.10 Influence of Cr content on precipitation volume fraction of each phase in CLF-1 steel (a) TaC phase; (b) VN phase; (c) M₂₃C₆; (d) Laves phase

Fig.11 Influence of W content on precipitation volume fraction of each phase in CLF-1 steel (a) TaC phase; (b) VN phase; (c) M₂₃C₆; (d) Laves phase

Fig.12 Influence of Mn content on precipitation volume fraction of each phase in CLF-1 steel (a) TaC phase; (b) VN phase; (c) M₂₃C₆; (d) Laves phase

Fig.13 Influence of Ti content on precipitation volume fraction of each phase in CLF-1 steel (a) MX phase; (b) M₂₃C₆; (c) Laves phase

Fig.14 Influence of Ti addition on the precipitation volume of M₂₃C₆ and MX phases in CLF-1 steel

Fig.15 Variation of precipitates of M₂₃C₆ and MX in CNAS steel with temperature

Fig.16 Variations of partitioning fractions (atomic fraction) of C, Ta, N, V and Ti in MX with temperature

Fig.17 TEM results of M₂₃C₆ precipitate in 1# specimen (a) TEM bright filed image of the 1# specimen, (b) the electron diffraction pattern of the marked precipitate, (c) the composition mapping of the precipitate

Fig.18 TEM results of MC precipitate in 1# specimen (a) TEM bright filed image of the 1# specimen，(b) the electron diffraction pattern of the marked precipitate, (c) the composition mapping of the precipitate

Fig.19 TEM results of MC precipitate in 2# specimen (a) TEM bright filed image of the 2# specimen, (b) the electron diffraction pattern of the marked precipitate, (c) the composition mapping of the precipitat

Table 3 Number density and average particle size of precipitates in 1# and 2# specimens

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