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Chinese Journal of Materials Research  2017, Vol. 31 Issue (7): 553-560    DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2016.571
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Pitting Corrosion Behavior of Cast Ti-bearing Duplex Stainless Steel
Jing CAO(), Licong AN, Xing QI, Yitao YANG
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China
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Jing CAO, Licong AN, Xing QI, Yitao YANG. Pitting Corrosion Behavior of Cast Ti-bearing Duplex Stainless Steel. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2017, 31(7): 553-560.

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Abstract  

Effect of Ti addition on the pitting corrosion behavior of casting duplex stainless steel was studied by means of potentiodynamic measurement and impedance spectroscopy as well as scanning electron microscope (SEM) along with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD). It turned out that pitting corrosion occurred mainly on the austenite phase and phase boundaries because of the existence of Cr-rich zone and the precipitation of carbides in the austenite phase and at phase boundaries respectively. Pitting corrosion resistance of duplex stainless steel could be improved through the addition of Ti.
Key words:  metallic materials      duplex stainless      steel      pitting corrosion,EIS      alloying elements     
Received:  29 September 2016     
ZTFLH:  TG172  
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Jing CAO
Licong AN
Xing QI
Yitao YANG

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https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2016.571     OR     https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2017/V31/I7/553

Samples C Si Mn Cr Mo Ni Nb Ti N Fe
1# 0.31 1.27 1.78 27.5 1.50 9.26 0.27 0 0.03 Bal.
2# 0.32 1.09 1.72 27.8 1.41 9.37 0.29 0.23 0.02 Bal.
3# 0.28 1.07 1.71 27.6 1.44 9.34 0.28 0.67 0.04 Bal.
Table 1  Chemical compositions of duplex stainless steel (mass fraction, %)
Fig.1  Polarization curves of duplex stainless steel with different content of Ti
Samples Content of Ti Ecorr /V Icorr/μAcm-2 Ep/V Ep-Ecorr/V Rp/kΩcm2
1# 0 -0.275 167 -0.106 0.169 54.7
2# 0.23 -0.223 48.3 -0.004 0.219 85.9
3# 0.67 -0.200 23.6 0.078 0.278 276.6
Table 2  Fitting results of the polarization curves for materials tested in 3.5% NaCl at (35±2)℃
Fig.2  EIS diagrams of three samples (a,b) Bode plots; (c) Nyquist plot
Fig.3  Equivalent electrical circuit for EIS
Samples Rs/Ωcm2 Y0/S-secn/cm2 n Rct/Ωcm2
1# 5.60 6.05×10-5 0.89 4.83×104
2# 5.59 4.98×10-5 0.89 8.51×104
3# 6.62 3.98×10-5 0.88 2.93×105
Table 3  Fitting parameters of equivalent electrical circuit for three samples
Fig.4  The microstructures of three samples with different contents of Ti (a, d) 1#; (b, e) 2#; (c,f) 3#;
Ti/%, mass fraction 0 0.2 0.6
Content of δ phase/% 46 53 58
Table 4  Volume fractions of δ phase in different samples
Fig.5  Pitting microstructures of different samples (a) 1#; (b) 2#; (c) 3#;
Fig.6  Pitting microstructures of different samples (a) 1#; (b) 2#; (c) 3#;
Fig.7  Distributions of different elements on the phase boundary of sample 3#
Samples Cr23C6 Nb4C3 (Nb,Ti)C TiN
1# 88.1 11.9 0 0
2# 86.1 0 11.2 2.7
3# 70.5 0 27.3 2.2
Table 5  Weight percents of different participates (mass fraction, %)
Fig.8  XRD patterns of participate(a) 1#; (b) 2#; (c) 3#
Fig.9  Schematic diagrams of various stages of pit growth
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