紧密排布结构大模组铸造<strong>DD5</strong>单晶高温合金的凝固组织

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2024.498

材料研究学报

2026, Vol. 40

Issue (1): 13-22 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2024.498

研究论文

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紧密排布结构大模组铸造DD5单晶高温合金的凝固组织

刘家宝¹^,², 高雪峰², 张皓宇², 王亮², 王延辉³, 乐献刚³, 孟杰²(

), 李金国², 周亦胄²(

)

^1.中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110016
^2.中国科学院金属研究所沈阳 110016
^3.沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司沈阳 110043

Microstructure of DD5 Single Crystal High-temperature Alloy Prepared via Rapid Solidification Process by Using a Large Module with Dense Array of Seed Crystals

LIU Jiabao¹^,², GAO Xuefeng², ZHANG Haoyu², WANG Liang², WANG Yanhui³, YUE Xiangang³, MENG Jie²(

), LI Jinguo², ZHOU Yizhou²(

)

^1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
^2.Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
^3.Shenyang Liming Aero-Engine (Group) Corporation Ltd., Shenyang 110043, China

引用本文:

刘家宝, 高雪峰, 张皓宇, 王亮, 王延辉, 乐献刚, 孟杰, 李金国, 周亦胄. 紧密排布结构大模组铸造DD5单晶高温合金的凝固组织[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(1): 13-22.
Jiabao LIU, Xuefeng GAO, Haoyu ZHANG, Liang WANG, Yanhui WANG, Xiangang YUE, Jie MENG, Jinguo LI, Yizhou ZHOU. Microstructure of DD5 Single Crystal High-temperature Alloy Prepared via Rapid Solidification Process by Using a Large Module with Dense Array of Seed Crystals[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2026, 40(1): 13-22.

全文: PDF(21927 KB) HTML

摘要:

用高速凝固制备紧密排布结构大模组制备DD5单晶高温合金并在模组中添加石墨隔热材料将其优化，研究了这种单晶的温度场和凝固组织。结果表明，与无隔热材料的模组相比，改进后的模组制备的单晶棒的一次枝晶间距从497 μm减小到378 μm并使γ/γ′共晶相细化，共晶相体积分数从7.0%降低到4.7%，W、Re、Al、Ta等元素的偏析程度有所降低，枝晶干和枝晶间的γ'相平均尺寸有所减小，且枝晶干和枝晶间的γ'相尺寸趋于一致。这表明，改进后的模组能提高高速凝固中的温度梯度和单晶凝固过程中温度场的均匀性，有利于保持单晶凝固过程中固液界面的平直而使凝固组织更均匀致密。

关键词 ：金属材料, 单晶高温合金, 大模组, 紧密排布结构, 温度场, 凝固组织

Abstract：

The DD5 single crystal high-temperature alloy rods were massively prepared via high-speed solidification process by using a large module with dense array of seed crystals. At the same time, graphite insulation rods were appropriately inserted in between the seed crystals so that to optimize the temperature field distribution in the solidification chamber. Then, the solidification microstructure of the prepared single crystal alloys was carefully examined by means of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis, whilst the numerical simulation of the temperature field of solidification chamber was conducted as well. The results showed that, compared with the module without insulation of graphite rods, the initial dendrite spacing of the single crystal rods prepared by the modified module was reduced from 497 μm to 378 μm, and the γ/γ' eutectic phase was refined. The volume fraction of the eutectic phase decreased from 7.0% to 4.7%, the degree of segregation of elements such as W, Re, Al and Ta, and the average size of the γ' phase in the core of the dendrite and between the dendrites were reduced, and the size of the γ' phase between the core and the dendrite tended to be consistent. This indicates that the modified module can increase the temperature gradient during the high-speed solidification process and improve the uniformity of the temperature field of solidification chamber during the single crystal solidification process, which is conducive to maintaining a straight solid-liquid interface during single crystal solidification and making the solidification microstructure much uniform and dense.

Key words： metallic materials single crystal superalloy large module dense array structure temperature field solidification structure

收稿日期: 2024-12-16

ZTFLH:

TG132.3+2

基金资助:国家资助博士后研究人员计划(GZC20232739)

通讯作者: 孟杰，正高级工程师，jmeng@imr.ac.cn，研究方向为高温合金组织和性能控制;
周亦胄，研究员，yzzhou@imr.ac.cn，研究方向为单晶高温合金设计与制备

Corresponding author: MENG Jie, Tel: 18842323031, E-mail: jmeng@imr.ac.cn;
ZHOU Yizhou, Tel: (024)83978068, E-mail: yzzhou@imr.ac.cn

作者简介: 刘家宝，男，2000年生，硕士生

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	周亦胄
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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2024.498 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2026/V40/I1/13

表1 DD5合金的名义成分

图1 不同方案模组模型的示意图

表2 模拟中使用的初始条件和边界条件

图2 隔热材料中心柱型壳的定向凝固过程随时间变化的模拟和实验温度曲线

图3 两种模组的模拟温度场

图4 两种模组的糊状区模拟结果

图5 无隔热材料的密排大模组浇注的单晶横截面组织形貌

图6 无隔热材料密排大模组浇注的内、外侧DD5单晶棒不同高度的一次枝晶间距

图7 无隔热材料密排大模组浇注DD5合金试棒中的共晶组织

图8 无隔热材料密排大模组浇注的单晶中各元素的偏析系数

图9 无隔热材料密排大模组浇注的单晶枝晶干和枝晶间γ'相的形貌

图10 中心加隔热材料的大模组浇注的单晶的横截面组织形貌

图11 两种不同模组浇注的DD5单晶棒的不同高度的一次枝晶间距

图12 中心加隔热材料的密排大模组浇注DD5合金试棒中共晶组织的形貌

图13 两种模组条件浇注的内侧单晶棒中各元素的偏析系数

图14 中心加隔热材料模组浇注的内侧单晶棒的枝晶干和枝晶间γ'相的形貌

图15 两种型壳浇注单晶的γ'相平均尺寸统计

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