在铝液中热循环<strong>H13</strong>钢的软化行为

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2023.491

材料研究学报

2024, Vol. 38

Issue (8): 593-604 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2023.491

研究论文

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在铝液中热循环H13钢的软化行为

娄伟冬, 赵海东(

), 王果

华南理工大学国家金属材料近净成形工程技术研究中心广州 510640

Softening Behavior of H13 Steel by Thermal Cycling between Molten ADC12 Al-alloy and Spray Cooling Chamber

LOU Weidong, ZHAO Haidong(

), WANG Guo

National Engineering Research Center of Near-net-shape Forming for Metallic Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China

引用本文:

娄伟冬, 赵海东, 王果. 在铝液中热循环H13钢的软化行为[J]. 材料研究学报, 2024, 38(8): 593-604.
Weidong LOU, Haidong ZHAO, Guo WANG. Softening Behavior of H13 Steel by Thermal Cycling between Molten ADC12 Al-alloy and Spray Cooling Chamber[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2024, 38(8): 593-604.

全文: PDF(28148 KB) HTML

摘要:

将H13钢在ADC12铝液(670~730℃)中热循环(1000~10000 cycles)实验，研究其微观组织的演变和硬度的变化，并基于固态相变动力学理论分析了硬度变化的定量模型。结果表明，在铝液中热循环H13钢发生软化。在热循环的前期基体的软化主要源于位错密度的降低，随着热循环次数的增加软化源于碳化物的粗化、马氏体板条块的宽化以及亚晶粒的长大。在不同的热循环期间，铝液温度的提高使基体的软化加快。依据固态相变动力学方程计算出H13钢的相变激活能为200.78 kJ/mol，与合金元素Cr、V以及Mo在铁素体中的扩散激活能相近。这表明，H13钢的软化速率取决于这些元素的扩散。

关键词 ：金属材料, H13钢, 热循环, 微观组织, 硬度, 相变动力学

Abstract：

The thermal cycling (1000~10000 cycles) testing of H13 steel between molten ADC12 Al-alloy (670~730^oC) and spray cooling chamber was conducted in this paper. The microstructure evolution and hardness change of H13 steel were studied against the cycling process, and then, a quantitative model of hardness change was established based on the kinetics of solid phase transformations theory. The results indicate that H13 steel undergoes softening along with the thermal cycling. At the beginning of the cycling, the softening of the matrix is mainly due to the decrease of dislocation density. With the increase of the cycling times, the softening at the middle and late stages was mainly due to the coarsening of carbides, the broadening of martensite lath and the growth of sub-grains. During different cycling tests, increasing the temperature of the molten Al-alloy may accelerate the softening of the matrix. According to the kinetics equation of solid phase transformations, the calculated phase transformation activation energy of the H13 steel is 200.78 kJ/mol, which is similar to the diffusion activation energy of alloy elements Cr, V, and Mo in ferrite, indicating that the softening rate of H13 steel depends on the diffusion of these elements.

Key words： metallic materials H13 steel thermal cycling microstructure hardness kinetics of phasetransformation

收稿日期: 2023-10-07

ZTFLH:

TG142

基金资助:广东省重点领域研发计划(2020B010184002)

通讯作者: 赵海东，副教授，hdzhao@scut.edu.cn，研究方向为铸造铝合金及数值模拟

Corresponding author: ZHAO Haidong, Tel: (020)87112948-302, E-mail: hdzhao@scut.edu.cn

作者简介: 娄伟冬，男，1996年生，硕士生

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表1 H13钢的主要化学成分

图1 热循环试样的形状、几何尺寸和取样位置

图2 热循环实验设备的工作原理和实际设备

图3 试样在670℃铝液中热循环过程中的温度和平均等效应力

图4 H13钢的原始组织和在不同实验参数下热循环的显微组织

表2 H13钢在不同参数下热循环碳化物的平均等效直径

图5 H13钢在670℃铝液中循环时的明场TEM照片

图6 不同种类碳化物的明场像、选区电子衍射(SAED)和EDS谱

图7 H13钢循环5000次时的EBSD图

图8 马氏体板条块尺寸的分布

图9 H13钢的EBSD晶界图和取向差角分布

表3 H13钢的GND和KAM结果

图10 H13钢在不同实验参数下的显微硬度

图11 H13钢在670℃铝液中的微观组织演变示意图

图12 硬度与微观组织特征的相关性

图13 H13钢在670~730℃铝液中热循环时的线性拟合

表4 H13钢在670~730℃热循环时的线性拟合参数

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