Three kinds of O-acylated oligochitosans/poly (L-lactic acid) (OCS/PLLA) blend films were prepared by solution-casting approach using CHCl3, the hydrogen-bond interaction between OCS and PLLA were characterized by FTIR, WAXD, DSC and TG techniques. The results show that there are strong hydrogen-bond interactions in the OCS/PLLA blend films, and the interactions mainly appeare between the amine group of OCS and the carbonyl group of PLLA. The length of acyl sidechain of oligochitosan affects the hydrogen-bond interaction greatly, and the miscibility of the blend films. The shorter sidechains, the stronger hydrogen-bond interaction, as well as the better compatible of the OCS/PLLA blend films.

A kind of high current density electropulsing treatment was carried out on the surface of later-serviced high manganese steel crossing. The results show that specimen finished recrystallization at a relatively low temperature of 786 K, the recrystallization grain size of  29.3 μm was much finer than that of the specimen before treatment, and the microhardness decreased remarkably after treatment by high current density electropulsing. Electropulsing enhanced the recrystallization nucleation rate of the specimen which resulted in recrystallization being finished at low temperature rapidly. Enhancement of the nucleation rate mainly resulted from the increase in mobility of dislocationdiffusion ability of atoms and the frequency of the atoms. The fatigue life of high manganese steel was improved notably after treatment by high current density electropulsing.

The effect of hot rolling process on microstructural and textural evolutions associated with surface ridging of Cr12 ferritic stainless steel sheet was investigated. Special attention was paid to changes in the heterogeneity of deformed microstructure and the formation of grain colonies during annealing. The results show that: when finishing temperature of hot rolling decreases from 960 to 850^oC band-like grains decrease in thickness, meanwhile shear deformation and grains containing shear bands increase and extend from surface to mid-thickness with the decrease of smooth grains in the deformed microstructure. In the annealed microstructure, high r–value grain colonies derived from the grains with shear bands increase and low r–value ones derived from smooth grains decrease. Moreover the decreasing thickness of band-like grains suppresses the formation of grain colonies of different symmetric orientations with positive or negative ε23. So both differences of ε33 and ε23 in the matrix decrease and surface ridging declines.

A nickel base single crystal superalloy was compressed at room temperature along the <001>,  <110>  and <111>  orientations, respectively. The evolution of the slip traces and the microstructure in the deformation was investigated by metallographic microscope and transmission electron microscope. It was found that compress deformation depends on the crystal orientation and the precedence of the compress yield stress is:  <111>, <110>, <001>. For the <001>  or <110> oriented specimen compressed 4.5% the slip traces match the octahedral slip, and the slip traces in the <111> oriented alloy prove to slip along the {001} planes. It is noted that deformation of the <110> oriented alloy takes place by activation of two slip systems. The anisotropy of the matrix channel, dendritic segregation and eutectic leads to the change of deformation behavior for various orientations. For the <110> oriented alloy γ’ particles cut by stacking fault. The high dense dislocation of the <111> oriented alloy contributes to its high yield strength.

Under the low temperature conditions, phosphate coating on the surface of mild steel by the addition of nano-SiO2 in phosphating solution was prepared in this paper. The influence of nano-SiO2 on structure and performance of phosphate coating was investigated by SEM, XRD, EDS, thickness, surface roughness and corrosion electrochemical testing. The results show that although nano-SiO2 is not main component of phosphate coating, but the coating thickness decreases with increasing the concentration of nano-SiO2, nano-SiO2 can reduce the crystal size of coating and increase the density and corrosion resistance of coating. When the nano-SiO2 concentration is 2 g/L, the best corrosion resistance of phosphate coating is obtained in 3.5% NaCl solution. The corrosion current of phosphating sample was 0.231 μA/cm2 in 5% NaCl solution.

A new beta titanium alloy Ti–8Mo–8Zr–4.5Sn–2Mn was designed, and melted by non–consumable electric arc furnace in argon atmosphere. The metallographic microstructure, the crystal texture, hardness and elastic modulus were characterized by microscope, X–ray diffractometer and nano–hardness Tester. The results show that the alloy contains dendritic structure and equiaxed grain structure, exists alloying element segregation and has the elastic modulus with 41.4GPa. Meanwhile, comparing to TMA(Ti–11.5Mo–6Zr–4.5Sn), the effects of the electron concentration e/a, the combined number Bo and the d electron orbital energy level Md on the elastic modulus were investigated. The conclusions was obtained that the low of Bo and Md and the increase of e/a are beneficial to reduce the elastic modulus of alloy.

The Mg2Ni1−xCux (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) hydrogen storage alloys have been prepared by melt-spinning technology. The structures of the as-cast and spun alloys are characterized by XRD, SEM and TEM. The gaseous hydrogen absorption and desorption kinetics of the alloys were measured by an automatically controlled Sieverts apparatus. The electrochemical hydrogen storage kinetics of the as-spun alloys is tested by an automatic galvanostatic system. The results show that all the as-spun alloys hold an entire nanocrystalline structure and are free of amorphous phase. The substitution of Cu for Ni, instead of changing the major phase Mg2Ni, leads to a visible refinement of the grains of the as-cast alloys. Furthermore, both the melt spinning treatment and Cu substitution significantly improve the gaseous and electrochemical hydrogen storage kinetics of the alloys. As the spinning rate increases from 0 (As-cast is defined as spinning rate of 0 m/s) to 30m/s, the hydrogen absorption saturation ratio in 5 min, for the Mg2Ni0.8Cu0.2alloy, increases from 56.7 to 92.7%, the hydrogen desorption ratio in 20 min from 14.9
to 40.4%, the high rate discharge ability from 38.5 to 75.5%, the hydrogen diffusion coefficient from 8.34×10^-12cm²/s to 3.74×10^-11cm²/s.

Chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite materials were prepared, the influence of synergistic action of cholesterol and lecithin on the microscopic structure of hydroxyapatite in the chitosan substrate was investigated. The results show: for the composite materials with different proportions of cholesterol and lecithin the microscopic structure of hydroxyapatite changed from the spherical to the claviform. When the proportion of lecithin and cholesterol is 5:1, the microscopic structure and size of hydroxyapatite in composite materials is closed to nature bone tissue. But in the control system without lecithin and cholesterol, the microscopic structures of hydroxyapatite are amorphous lamellate almostly. The cholesterol and lecithin can affect the microscopic structure of hydroxyapatite. Addition the difference proportions of lecithin and cholesterol in composite materials system were benefited of formation of hydroxyapatite production of differences microscopic structure.

Aluminum nanoparticles were fabricated by a physical vapor condensation method (DC arc discharge). The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and galvanostatic cycling. Al particle size is about 100 nm, and it is coated by amorphous Al2O3. Anode slurries prepared were consisted of Al powder, acetylene black and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) binder. The effects of current density on the electrochemical properties were investigated. The results show that Al electrode for the minimal current density delivers the highest initial discharge capacity (Li intercalation process) of 951.9 mAh/g but cycle life is poor. Al electrode for the maximal current density delivers initial discharge capacities of 879.7 mAh/g and possesses relatively good cycleability. After the initial discharge only two composites (AlLi and Al2Li3) in Al electrode are found, which correspond to the initial discharge capacity.

Cycle oxidation resistance of a nanostructured Ni60–TiB2 composite coating sprayed by high velocity oxy–fuel(HVOF) at 600^oC  in static air was investigated. The conventional Ni60–TiB2 composite coating was also investigated for comparison. The results show that oxide scale on the nanostructured Ni60–TiB2 composite coating consist of complete and continuous SiO2 scale, the fine uniform dispersed TiO2 particles and B2O3 scale spread on the serface of oxide scale.The oxidation process of the nanostructured and conventional Ni60–TiB2 composite coatings are controlled by a diffusion mechanism, and the nanostructured Ni60–TiB2 composite coating exhibits better cycle oxidation resistance than that of the conventional composite coating. The reasons can be attributed to the formation of the intact SiO2 protective layer, and the enhanced adhesion between oxide film and nanocrystalline coating.

The ultralong and aligned YMnO3/PVP composite nanofibers have been synthesized by sol-gel based on modified electrospinning setup. After calcining the as-spun YMnO3/PVP fiber at 900oC for 6 h in air atmosphere, the single-crystalline hexagonal YMnO3 (H–YMnO3) nanofiber can be obtained. The fabricated products were characterized by SEM, XRD, TEM, SAED and VSM to reveal the phase purity, morphologic, crystalline structure and magnetic properties. The results show that the YMnO3/PVP composite nanofibers presented smooth surface, high alignment degree and a rather uniform diameter around 150–230 nm over a length of several meters, the H–YMnO3 nanofibers exhibited lotusroot-like morphology and surface-smooth; and have a reduced diameter ranging from 70 to 100 nm. H–YMnO3 nanofibers has weak ferromagnetism at room temperature.

The component and structure of thermally poled and corona charged PVDF films were investigated by the aid of high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results of XPS and ferroelectric properties show that the reaction and mechanism of thermally poling and corona charging for PVDF films was distinct. With the effect of high electric field at high temperature in thermally poling, a new carbon couple bond was created through the action of HF which was produced by F− radicals. However, the H+ radicals engendered due to bombardment of particles during corona charging. And the remanent polarization of thermally poled PVDF film is about 3.5 μC/cm2, while that of corona charged PVDF film is about 3.0 μC/cm2.

Microcrystalline silicon films were deposited using Ar diluted SiH4 gaseous mixture by electron cyclotron resonance plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (ECR-PECVD). The effects of the substrate temperature on microstrcture and optical properties of microcrystalline silicon films were investigated. The results show that, with the increasing of the substrate temperature, the crystallinity and roughness increased, but the concentration of hydrogen decreased monotonously. Furthermore, the absorption coefficient of the films increased monotonously, and the optical bandgap changed from 1.89 eV to 1.75 eV with the substrate  temperature ranging from 200 # to 500 #.

A in–situ Ti–B–C–Si composite with fine TiB2, TiC and Ti–Si phase dispersed in composite was synthesized using titanium, B4C and SiC powders using hot–pressing sintering. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the composite were observed by using X–ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, scanning electron microscope and mechanical property testing. The results show that starting powder reactants have much effect on in–situ phase content and mechanical properties in titanium matrix composites.

Semi–continuous method, by which monodisperse highly crosslinked polystyrene can be synthetized, is presented in this paper. The crosslingking degree of polystyrene synthetized by this method is more than 50%. The average size of the polystyrene can be controlled by adjusting the time of adding cross–linking agent. High–quality and highly crosslinged three–dimensionally ordered polystyrene microspheres can be synthetized. Mechanism of semi–continuous soap–free emusion polymerization method is investigated. The results show that the secondary nucleation is emerged under low conversion of monomer by delayed divinyl benzene entry. The content of cross–linking agent and the time of adding cross–linking agent affect the average size of the polystyrene, monodispertion properties, shape and solubility.

The fluoropolyacrylate was prepared by the free radical copolymerization. The influence of process conditions on hydrophobicity of the coating was investigated. The super-hydrophobic and selfcleaning coating was prepared by particle-filling process. The results show that the contact angle of the coating is above 160? and rolling angle is less than 5?. This coating also has self-cleaning effect on the pollutants. The coating surface processes natural lotus-like micro- and nano-hierarchical structure.

Abstract: By means of measuring the kinetics curves of the oxidation and analysis method of TGA, XRD and SEM/EDAX. An investigation has been made into the oxidation behaviour of a nickel-based superalloy at 900℃ and 1000℃ in air. Results show that the kinetics curves of the alloy oxidizing obey the parabola regularity, and the rate of the mass gaining decrease gradually as the oxidizing time prolongs, and the oxidizing process is mainly controlled by the formation of Cr2O3 and Al2O3 phases. After oxidized at 900℃ and 1000℃, the oxide scales in the alloy consists of three layers, including the outer, middle and internal oxidizing layers, Cr2O3 and a few (Ni,Co)Cr2O4 phases are included in the outer oxide layer, the intermediate layer consists of CrTaO4 phase, and the internal oxide layer is identified as Al2O3 phase. In the period of the alloy oxidizing, the phase containing Ta-richer may restrain the element Al in the matrix diffusing outward, which restrains the growth up of the oxide scales to decrease the oxidizing rate of the alloy.

The friction/wear properties of TiO2 films with different Ta-doped content deposited on surface of nano-grained Ti by DC reactive magnetron sputtering technology at room temperature were investigated. The results show that the Ta-doped TiO2 films exhibit the specific wear rate on the order of 10^-6--10^-5 mm³ • m^-1• N^-1 sliding against a stainless steel quenched ball (2 mm in radius) at room temperature by simulation body fluid. With the increasing Ta content in TiO2 films, the friction coefficient and wear rate of TiO2 films were gradually decreased and then increased. And the TiO2 film with about 22% Ta–doped has the smallest friction coefficient (0.20) and wear rate (1.5×10^-6 mm³ • m^-1• N^-1). The good wear-resistance of the TiO2 films with about 22% Ta–doped is in accordance with its high hardnessto-modulus ratio, good corrosion-resistance and low friction coefficient.

Porous hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres were prepared by a situ Li-Ca-B glass conversion process. The phase composition, pore structure and morphology were characterized by XRD, SEM and BET. The results show that the resultant microspheres possess good internal porous structure. The release behavior of lysozyme as a model drug was investigated in the present work. The results show that lysozyme molecules mainly are absorbed on the external surface of the porous HA when concentration of lysozyme is low. A large amount of lysozyme is loaded in the pores of the microspheres when high concentration of lysozyme is used, which effectively prolonged the drug release. The loading behavior was successfully observed in the 1.0 mg/ml lysozyme solution and the drug can still be released after 800 hours.

Macroscopic carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays, bundles and ribbons were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition on different substrates with coating, and were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) examinations. The results show that the well-aligned arrays were synthesized on the quartz glass and the length reaches millimeter range; CNTs macroscopic films or bundles with different diameter were prepared by self-organizing on the stainless steel with Al2O3 coating; Macroscopic CNT ribbons were synthesized on different substrates with SiO2 coating, and aligned ribbons were prepared on nickel substrate. The formation mechanism of macroscopic structures was discussed.