Peptides with sequence (EEEEEEEEDSpESpSp$EEDR) were synthesized to mimic the biomineralization function of non-collagenous protein over the type I collagens. The results show that the peptide can be bound to Ca$^{2+}$and type I collagen by electrostatic interactions. Moreover, synthetic peptide is conducive to calcium ions binding and promotes the nucleation and formation of minerals on the surface of collagen fibrils. Designed peptides also presented a function of accelerating type I collagen fibrillogenesis and the formation of fibrils bundle or network.

Low cycle fatigue (LCF) behavior of a Re-free nickel-base single crystal superalloy at different strain rates (5×10−4s−1, 1×10−3s−1, 5×10−3s−1 and 1×10−2s−1) has been investigated at 1223 K. It was found that the alloys were cyclically stable at all strain rates. With the increasing of strain rate, the low cycle fatigue life increased, and the area of cycle hysteresis loop at N=1/2Nf decreased, indicating that more creep deformation was happened at low strain rate. All fatigue cracks initiated at
the surface. With the increasing of strain rate, the areas of instantaneous rupture region decreased on the fracture surface due to the suppressed creep. At low strain rate, extensive creep led to more slip systems working and forming networks. On the contrary, dislocation bundle was formed at high strain rate.

Amorphous Si–Al–C–N ceramics with varied aluminum contents, which were derived from polyaluminasilazanes at 1200 %, were heat–treated at 1400–1800 %. The structures of precursors and the crystallization behaviors, free–carbon and microstructure of Si–Al–C–N were characterized by Infrared spectrometry, X–ray diffraction, Raman spectra and transmission electron microscopy. The effects of aluminum contents, crystallization temperatures and times on crystallization properties of amorphous Si–Al–C–N were investigated. The results show that amorphous Si–Al–C–N ceramics are amorphous at 1400 %, but include free-carbon. Nano–scale β–Si3N4 and α–Si3N4 nuclei are precipitated at 1500 %. The α–Si3N4 nucleus transforms into β–Si3N4 after treated at 1600 %, at the same time, a minute quantity of α–SiC and 2H–SiC/AlN solid solution nuclei precipitated. At 1700 % a large number of 2H–SiC/AlN solid solution crystals and a few α/β–SiC crystals precipitated besides β–Si3N4, and the β–Si3N4 phase in the Si–Al–C–N ceramic with lowest aluminum content disappears. At 1800 % only β–SiC and 2H–SiC/AlN solid solution crystal are observed. But phase separation takes place at this temperature, leading to the formation of AlN–rich and SiC–rich solid solution region, respectively. With increasing aluminum content, crystallization ability of amorphous Si–Al–C–N ceramics and quantities of grain increase. Nano-scale crystals precipitate from the amorphous Si–Al–C–N at 1500 %, but even until 1800 % the precipitated crystals are still nano–scale crystals. The high-temperature crystallization process of amorphous Si–Al–C–N with high covalence is a process controlled by thermodynamics.

A novel hierarchically porous chitosan (HPCS) sponge with large open pores and interconnected small pores on the surface was fabricated with ice particles as poroen. The honeycomb patterned porous composite scaffolds (HPCS) was obtained by immersing the sponges into poly (L-lactic acid) chloroform solution. A comparison of the morphology, mechanical properties and cell compatibility with the three different sponges were made. Results show that honeycomb patterned porous structure is visible in the THCP sponges, wherein interconnected micro pores embedded in larger open pores and formed uniform network. Hierarchically porous structure is visible in the HPCS sponges. The compressive strength of the THCP sponges dramatically increased, cell viability and cell proliferation index (PI) are higher than that of the CS and HPCS sponges. The topographical design of chitosan scaffolds remedied the traditional freeze-drying technique, improved cell biocompatibility and elongated the design of topological structure into the three dimension area.

Three kinds of granular activated carbons(GACs), GAC–C, GAC–T and GAC–P were prepared with lignite by using coal tar, tragantine and PAM as binders, respectively. The pore structures and surface functional groups of GAC–C, GAC–T and GAC–P were characterized, and the effects of binders on the CH4/N2 separation performances of GACs by PSA were investigated. The results show that the influences of binders on the performance of GAC for enrichment methane from CH4/N2 are very notable. Among the three kinds of GACs, GAC–T has the best PSA separation performance. When the mass ratio of tragantine to lignite is 0.15–0.20, GAC–T can improve the concentration of CH4 about 28%. The relationship of surface oxygen–containing functional groups contents for GAC–C, GAC–T and GAC–P is GAC–T>GAC–C>GAC–P, and there are some differences in the ranges of pore distribution 10–30 nm, 2–10 nm and 0.4–2 nm for the three GACs. The CH4/N2 separation performances of GAC–C, GAC–T and GAC–P are mainly influenced by basic surface oxygen–containing functional groups and micropore. The higher basic surface oxygen– containing functional groups concentrations are suitable for CH4/N2 separation by PSA, and the micropores from 0.4nm to 0.7nm are the important factors resulting in the separation performance differences of GAC–C, GAC–T and GAC–P.

The hydrated basic carbonate-sulfate precursor was synthesized using scandium sulfate as mother liquor and urea as a precipitating agent by a microwave heating approach. The phase transformation processes of the precipitate precursor were analyzed by DSC/TG, FTIR and XRD. Two synthesis methods of Sc2O3 powder were compared. The results showed that highly pure, ultrafine, well dispersed, narrow particle size distribution and spherical Sc2O3 nanopowders can be obtained by calcination at 1000^oC for 3 h in resistance furnace or irradiation at 900^oC for 20 min in microwave furnace.

Multilayers of Ge quantum dots were grown on Si substrate by UHV/CVD. The Ge composition and strain relaxation in Ge dots by a rapid thermal annealing (RTA) treatment at different conditions were characterized by DCXRD and Raman spectrum, and the influence of rapid thermal annealing on Ge quantum dots crystal quality was investigated. The results show that the Ge composition decreased and strain relaxation in Ge dots increased at higher annealing temperature. The Ge dots were almost completely strain relaxed by RTA treatment at 1000^oC  for 20 s.

Water–containing Mg(OH)2/PS composites were prepared by a polymerization reaction with the droplets of a Pickering emulsion as template. The morphology of the composites was characterized, and the oxygen index of the composites was measured. The results showed that the Mg(OH)2/PS composites had holes with an average diameter of about 155μm, which served as reservoirs for water. With the increase of polymerization temperature, the amount of water in the composites decreased. The oxygen index of the composites was much higher than that of the ordinary Mg(OH)2/PS composites, due to the dual flame retardant effect of water and Mg(OH)2. However, the mechanical properties of the water-containing Mg(OH)2/PS composites decreased.

The weathering strip containing 0.15%P was prepared by using a pilot twin-roll strip caster. The effect of annealing time on microstructure and mechanical properties of the continuous casting weathering steel after cold rolling was investigated. The results show that after annealing for 40 min the fine ferrite and pearlite structure can be gained and all of yield ratios are less than 0.8 and all of strain hardening exponents are higher than 0.2 during the annealing times which were investigated in the  paper. Tensile strength gradually declines and yield strength firstly descends and basically remains invariant subsequently with annealing time increasing. The reason that fine grain structure can be observed in localized area was discussed.

Bi nanowires and nanoplates were synthesized by controlling the composition of the mixture solution of water and ethylenediamine. The effect of the composition exchange on the morphology and structure was investigated. The results show that the formation mechanisms of the nanowires and nanoplates can be ascribed to the template effect of ethylenediamine and ethylenediamine-induced transition from thermodynamic to dynamic control of the growth. The volumetric thermal expansion coefficient of nanowires decreases with increasing temperature and becomes negative at the conversion temperature (about 455^oC).

The effect of strain rate on the mechanical properties has been investigated for a solid–solution treated TWIP steel Fe–23Mn–2Al–0.2C. The results show that the strain rate in the range of 2.97×10−4– 1.49×10−1s−1 has no obvious influence on yield strength. However, tensile strength was slightly decreased and elongation evidently decreased as the strain rate was increased. Deformation behavior with three stages was observed as the change of strain hardening rate for low strain rate. While for high strain rate, there exist only two stages in the deformation behavior with respect to the strain hardening rate and true strain. Strain hardening exponent of this steel increases with increasing true strain. High density deformation twins forms during the deformation for different strain rates, and the width of deformation twin lath decreases as the strain rate increases.

High strain isothermal compression tests were carried out in Gleeble 1500 to study high temperature deformation behavior of 23Co13Ni11Cr3Mo ultrahigh strength steel. The results show that flow stress decreases with temperature increasing, while increases with strain rate increasing. DRX softening played an important role at high temperature and low strain rate. Flow stress decreased about 29.6% from peak stress at 1000^oC  and 0.001 s−1. The 23Co13Ni11Cr3Mo ultrahigh strength steel is suit to forge at 1000–1100 ! and strain rate 0.01–1 s−1. At these deformation conditions, sufficiect DRX occurred, grain size was small and changed little with temperature or strain rate increasing. Moreover, based on the experiment results, peak stress and steady grain size model were estalblished. The predicted values of this model agreed well with the experiment values.

The porous ceramics with unidirectional lamellar pore structures was prepared by icetemplating of aqueous hydroxyapatite (HA, Ca5 (PO4)3OH) slurry, and the effects of content of the solids loading and the temperature of the cold finger were investigated. The results show that the viscosity of the suspensions increased as content of the solids loading increased. The lamellar thickness increased along with the decreasing porosity from 76.2% to 44.2%. The compressive strength increased from 1.4 MPa to 5.7 MPa. With the decreasing temperature of the cold finger, the lamellar thickness of the porous architecture decreased from 20 μm to 3–5 μm, and the thickness of the ceramic wall improved from 2–3 μm to 15–20 μm.

Oxidation behavior of titanium alloy Ti600 at 700–1000^oC as investigated. Results howed that the oxidation kinetics of the Ti600 alloy followed the parabolic-linear law and the activation nergy of oxidation was 224 kJ·mol−1 under the condition of oxidation at 700–1000^oC for 100 h. ense oxide scales formed on the sample surface at 700^oC  for 100 h, while oxide scales with multilayer icrostructure formed at the temperature above 700^oC began spalling. Oxide scales mainly compose f rutile and α–Al2O3. Oxidation diffusion zone (ODZ) beneath oxide scale has sub-layer microstructure ormed at 700–1000^oC. The thickness of ODZ sub-layers and oxygen solubility in ODZ increased with the ncrease of oxidation temperature and prolonging of the oxidation time.

Nano Ga–Pd/poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) composite materials were prepared with the palladium chloride solution containing metal galliumMMA as monomer without initiator or reducer. Results show that there are Pd, Ga, and Ga5Pd phase in PMMA matrix. There was a characteristic absorption peak at 200 nm for nano–Ga/PMMA polymer solution, at 209 nm for nano–Pd/PMMA polymer solution, and the absorption peak of nano Pd–Ga/PMMA shiftted to long wavelength at 218 nm; Nano Ga5Pd formed based on segment electronics shifting from gallium to palladium, and coordination formed found on part electronics diverted from gallium to oxygen of PMMA ester group. PMMA possess anisotropic ordered microstructure around nano Ga-Pd particles, illustrating that there are interaction between nano
Ga–Pd particles as dispersive and PMMA as continuous phase.

The Y-type hexaferrite powder was synthesized by co-precipitation, the homogenous precursor with fine particles and high activity was calcined at 600–1050  and the sample properties were characterized by laser particle size analyzer (LPS), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and HP4291A impedance analyzer. The results showed that the particle sizes are around 3 μm. The well defined hexagonal was formed at lower temperature (900 ), accompanying with crystal structure transition. The saturation magnetization increases with the ascending temperature, while initial permeability decreases with increasing heat treatment temperature first but rises to apex in the end. After sintered at 900oC, the specific saturation magnetization, coercitive force, initial permeability and factor of quality of the sample were 17.262 A·m2·kg−1, 5.146 kA·m−1, and μi ≈7, Q ≈13.4 (100 MHz) respectively.  

CrNx coatings deposited by using different unbalance coefficient magnetron by DC magnetron sputtering system, were characterized. The influences of the magnetic field unbalance coefficient on the distribution of sputtered plasma and microstructure, hardness and tribological properties of CrNx coatings were investigated. The results show that multitude ions were tied near the target surface within 6 cm rang when using low unbalance coefficient magnetron (K was 2.78), but similar high density plasma does not existed at this area when using higher unbalance coefficient magnetron (K was 6.41). The thickness of CrNxcoatings increases with unbalance coefficient increases. The phase structure of the CrNx coatings deposited in three unbalanced magnetic field transformed from Cr+Cr2N to Cr+Cr2N+CrN→Cr2N+CrN with the increase of unbalance coefficient. With unbalance coefficient increasing, the flatness and compactness of the coatings were improved obviously, and the hardness was enhanced and friction coefficients were decreased.

Nanosized LiFePO4/C composite cathode materials have been synthesized via solvothermal method, using sucrose as carbon source and glycol as solvent. The phase, morphology, structure, composition and performance of LiFePO4/C powders were characterized. The results show that LiFePO4/C composite has uniform nanorod morphology with the diameter of about 100 nm, well-crystallinity and monodispersion. Galvanostatic charge-discharge tests showed that the size-reducation and carbon-coating of LiFePO4/C nanograins are in favor of optimizing the electrochemical performance of LiFePO4 positive materials. The first charge and discharge specific capacities of 166 mAh·g−1 and 164 mAh·g−1 were obtained at 0.1 C, while the voltage platforms were 3.45 V and 3.40 V, respectively. The nanosized LiFePO4/C composite cathode materials retained high stability after 20 cycles at 5 C, with the specific capacity retention up to 95.4%.

A palladium–kieselguhr composite (Pd/K) was prepared by the PdCl2 dipping–calcinating–reducing method. Hydrogen storage performances of the Pd/K before and after subjecting to 1000 and 2000 cycles of hydriding–dehydriding test using the TCAP method were investigated, including phase analysis, morphology observation, pressure–composition isotherm (P − C − T curve) and hydrogen absorption kinetics of the Pd/K composite. Comparing to the initial status, it was found that the absorption rate of the thermally cycled Pd/K greatly enhanced, the P − C − T curve almost retained the same, while the hydrogen uptake capacity decreased slightly. Pulverization of the palladium particles was found on the thermally cycled Pd/K, and the pulverization rates of the Pd/K after 1000 and 2000 cycles were 0.21% and 3.98%, respectively.

Pd/Sn graphite electrode had been synthesized by chemical cobalt-plating. The microstructure and composition of modified graphite electrode were analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). Cyclic voltammetry and AC impedance were employed to study the electrocatalytic activity of the catalysts. Results show that Pd/Sn were deposited on graphite matrix as spherical particles and has no agglomerate in it. The relationships between peak current density and the square root of scan rate are linear, and the reaction rates of methanol and COads oxidation increase as the potentials increase.