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Chinese Journal of Materials Research  2026, Vol. 40 Issue (5): 361-371    DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2025.306
Special Section on Photocatalysis Current Issue | Archive | Adv Search |
Preparation and Piezoelectric-photocatalytic Performance for Tetracycline Degradation of Z-type Heterojunction Composite CuFe2O4/BaTiO3
ZHANG Zhikai, LEI Jiashuang, YAO Bingya, CHEN Siyu, LIU Shuo, SUN Yuwei(), TANG Qian
Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Emerging Contaminants Identification and Control, Science and Technology Innovation Center of Jilin Province for Targeted Identification and Photocatalytic Degradation Materials, Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials and Pollution Control, the Education Department of Jilin Province, College of Engineering, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
Cite this article: 

ZHANG Zhikai, LEI Jiashuang, YAO Bingya, CHEN Siyu, LIU Shuo, SUN Yuwei, TANG Qian. Preparation and Piezoelectric-photocatalytic Performance for Tetracycline Degradation of Z-type Heterojunction Composite CuFe2O4/BaTiO3. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2026, 40(5): 361-371.

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Abstract  

A Z-scheme heterojunction composite CuFe2O4/BaTiO3 with piezoelectric-photocatalytic synergistic effect was synthesized via sol-gel method. The crystal structure, morphology, optical absorption properties, valence band structure, and charge separation efficiency of the composite were systematically characterized using XRD, SEM, UV-Vis DRS, XPS, and PL spectroscopy. Under combined ultrasound vibration and 300 W xenon lamp irradiation, the influence of the composite CuFe2O4/BaTiO3 with different ratio of CuFe2O4 to BaTiO3 on the degradation of tetracycline (TC) was investigated. The results revealed that the incorporation of CuFe2O4 augmented the photocatalytic oxidation efficiency of BaTiO3. For a solution with TC concentration of 30 mg/L by pH 10.5, a removal efficiency of 82.3% was achieved within 30 min of xenon lamp irradiation. Radical trapping experiments confirmed that h+ and O2- served as the dominant active species in the TC degradation process. Based on the band structures of CuFe2O4 and BaTiO3, it is inferred that under light and ultrasound synergy, the photogenerated carriers in the CuFe2O4/BaTiO3 heterojunction follow a Z-scheme transfer mechanism. The piezoelectric effect induced by ultrasound generates an intrinsic electric field within BaTiO3, which can effectively suppress the recombination of photogenerated carriers. This work may offer new insights and directions for the synergistic application of piezoelectric and photocatalytic processes in antibiotic degradation.

Key words:  inorganic non-metallic materials      CuFe2O4/BaTiO3      Z-type heterojunction      piezoelectric-photocatalysis      tetracycline     
Received:  20 October 2025     
ZTFLH:  X703.1  
Fund: Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Development Program(YDZJ202201ZYTS368);Jilin Provincial Department of Education Project(JJKH20250949KJ)
Corresponding Authors:  SUN Yuwei, Tel: 13504347197, E-mail: sunshinesky0427@163.com

URL: 

https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2025.306     OR     https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2026/V40/I5/361

Fig.1  XRD patterns of CuFe2O4/BaTiO3-2, BaTiO3 and CuFe2O4
Fig.2  SEM images of BaTiO3 (a) and CuFe2O4/BaTiO3-2 composite (b), and EDS spectra of CuFe2O4/BaTiO3-2 composite (c)
Fig.3  UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (a), (αhv)1/2 versus hv curves (b) of samples, VB spectra of BaTiO3 and CuFe2O4 (c) and their corresponding band structures (d)
Fig.4  XPS survey spectra of CuFe2O4/BaTiO3-2 before and after the reaction (a), and high-resolution XPS spectra of Ba 3d (b), Ti 2p (c), O 1s (d), Cu 2p (e) and Fe 2p (f)
Fig.5  Infrared spectra of different samples
Fig.6  Piezoelectric photocatalytic degradation performance of different samples (a) and first-order kinetic curves of piezoelectric photocatalytic degradation of TC (b)
CatalystPollutant / (mg·L-1)Light sourceDegradation efficiency / TimeReferences
SCN/N-CQDsTC (10)300 W Xe lamp79.11% / 90 min[35]
SbVO4/g-C3N4TC (5)500 W Xe lamp82.3% / 150 min[36]
g-C3N4/Ag/BaTiO3TC (20)300 W Xe lamp82.7% / 180 min[11]
Fe-Bi3O4BrTC (20)300 W Xe lamp84.9% / 120 min[1]
COF/BiOBrTC (60)300 W Xe lamp81.2% / 120 min[37]
CuFe2O4/BaTiO3-2TC (30)300 W Xe lamp91.2% / 90 minThis work
Table 1  Summary and comparison of different photocatalysts[1,11,35~37]
Fig.7  Effects of catalyst dosages (a, b), initial TC concentrations (c, d), and initial pH values (e, f) on the degradation performance of the photocatalyst
Fig.8  EIS (a) and PL spectra (b) of different samples, and experimental results of active species capture (c) and degradation rate (d)
Fig.9  Piezoelectric photocatalytic degradation mechanism of TC by CuFe2O4/BaTiO3-2 (a) type-II heterojunction mechanism, (b) Z-scheme heterojunction mechanism
Fig.10  Piezoelectric photocatalytic cycling performance of CuFe2O4/BaTiO3-2 (a) and XRD patterns of CuFe2O4/BaTiO3-2 before and after the photocatalytic reaction (b)
Fig.11  Proposed photocatalytic degradation pathways (Path I, Path II, Path III) of TC
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