Effect of Helium Ions Irradiation at High Temperature on Surface Morphology of Tungsten

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2023.291

Chinese Journal of Materials Research

2024, Vol. 38

Issue (6): 437-445 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2023.291

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Effect of Helium Ions Irradiation at High Temperature on Surface Morphology of Tungsten

CUI Yunqiu, NIU Chunjie, LV Jianhua, NI Weiyuan, LIU Dongping, LU Na(

)

School of Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China

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CUI Yunqiu, NIU Chunjie, LV Jianhua, NI Weiyuan, LIU Dongping, LU Na. Effect of Helium Ions Irradiation at High Temperature on Surface Morphology of Tungsten. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2024, 38(6): 437-445.

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Abstract

Tungsten (W) is considered as one of the most promising plasma facing materials for fusion devices due to its excellent properties such as high melting point, high thermal conductivity, high sputtering threshold and low hydrogen isotope retention. In this study, high-purity tungsten blocks are irradiated by helium (He) ions at temperatures > 2000 K, and the effect of changes in irradiation parameters on the evolution of the W surface morphology is investigated. The results show that at 2300 K, the surface of the W samples shows a significant swelling morphology due to the growth of helium bubbles. As the ion fluence increases, the helium bubbles rupture, accompanied by the appearance of surface holes, and further surface swelling gradually develops into cross-linked coral-like tungsten nanofilament structures; With the increase of ion energy, the depth of helium ions injected into the W material increases, which promotes the growth of surface tungsten filament-like structures. When the temperature is changed from 2100 K to 2400 K, the temperature increase enhances the rapid diffusion of self-interstitial tungsten atoms on the surface, which leads to the suppression of the surface swelling and tungsten filament-like structure growth behavior, and even the degradation of the tungsten filament-like structure. The increase in both helium ion fluence and ion energy promotes the formation and evolution of tungsten filament-like structures on the surface of W materials after high-temperature He ion irradiation in the adopted range of experimental parameters, while the increase in temperature shows the opposite trend.

Key words: metallic materials tungsten high temperature He ions irradiation surface morphology

Received: 12 June 2023

ZTFLH:

TG430.4

Fund: National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFE0300106);the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT20JC20);Dalian Science and Technology Star Project(2020RQ136);the Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Liaoning Province(2022010055-JH6/1001);the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT21RC(3)066)

Corresponding Authors: LU Na, Tel: 15504256218, E-mail: luna@dlut.edu.cn

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	CUI Yunqiu
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	LU Na

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https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2023.291 OR https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2024/V38/I6/437

Fig.1 Schematic of RF ICP ion source system

Table 1 Main parameters of the He ion irradiation experiments

Fig.2 SEM analysis of the surface morphology of W samples irradiated by He ion with different fluence (a) 0 /m², (b) 4.0 × 10²⁴ /m², (c) 1.0 × 10²⁵ /m², (d) 3.0 × 10²⁵ /m², (e) 5.0 × 10²⁵ /m², (f) 1.0 × 10²⁶ /m²

Fig.3 Histogram shows the radius distribution of He bubbles in the W sample surface at a fluence of 4.0 × 10²⁴ /m², the solid line shows the Gaussian fitting results of the histogram (a), and relationship between the average radius and density of He bubbles and ion fluence (b, c)

Fig.4 SEM analysis of the surface morphology of W samples irradiated by He ion with different ion energy (a) 30 eV, (b) 80 eV, (c) 120 eV

Fig.5 SEM analysis of the surface morphology of W samples irradiated by He ion with different fluence (a) 1.0 × 10²⁵ /m², (b) 3.0 × 10²⁵ /m², (c) 5.0 × 10²⁵ /m², (d) 7.0 × 10²⁵ /m², (e) 1.0 × 10²⁶ /m², (f) 2.0 × 10²⁶ /m²

Fig.6 SEM analysis of the surface morphology of W samples irradiated by He ion with different temperature (a, b) 2100 K, (c) 2300 K (d) 2400 K

Fig.7 SEM of the surface morphology of W samples irradiated by He ion with different fluence (a) 1.0 × 10²⁵ /m², (b) 3.0 × 10²⁵ /m², (c) 5.0 × 10²⁵ /m², (d~f) 1.0 × 10²⁶ /m²

Fig.8 SEM analysis of the surface morphology of W samples irradiated by hydrogen ion (a) H₂-30 eV-2300 K, (b) H₂-80 eV-2300 K

Fig.9 Mass loss of W samples as a function of He ion fluence (a) and He ion energy (b)

Table 2 Sputtering yield of W samples irradiated by He ion with different ion energy

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