Crystal Plasticity Study on the Non-uniformity of Strain on the Cross-section of Cold Drawn Steel Wire

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2023.221

Chinese Journal of Materials Research

2024, Vol. 38

Issue (2): 81-91 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2023.221

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Crystal Plasticity Study on the Non-uniformity of Strain on the Cross-section of Cold Drawn Steel Wire

ZHAO Yong¹^,², LIU Tengyuan¹^,², JIA Chunni¹^,², YANG Zhendan¹^,², CHEN Xiangjun¹^,², WANG Pei¹^,²(

), LI Dianzhong¹^,²

^1.Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
^2.School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China

Cite this article:

ZHAO Yong, LIU Tengyuan, JIA Chunni, YANG Zhendan, CHEN Xiangjun, WANG Pei, LI Dianzhong. Crystal Plasticity Study on the Non-uniformity of Strain on the Cross-section of Cold Drawn Steel Wire. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2024, 38(2): 81-91.

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Abstract

A macroscopic finite element model of multi-pass cold drawing coupled with a microscopic crystal plasticity finite element model of pearlite has been established in this study. The strain distribution and strain path of the cold drawn steel wire have been simulated, and the influence of them on the material strengthening have been analyzed. It is found that the plastic strain on the cross-section of the steel wire increases first and then decreases from the core to the surface after cold drawing. Meanwhile, the strain path in the core area of the steel wire is close to proportional loading, while the strain path near the surface is tortuous. The tortuous strain path can drive more slip systems to act, causing additional strengthening and ultimately increasing hardness. Under the comprehensive effect of the difference of strain and strain path in different areas of the cross-section, the subsurface hardness of the cold-drawn steel wire is the highest.

Key words: synthesizing and processing technics for materials non-uniformity of strain crystal plasticity finite element method cold drawn steel wire strain path

Received: 11 April 2023

ZTFLH:

TG356.4+6

Fund: National Natural Science Foundation of China(52031013)

Corresponding Authors: WANG Pei, Tel: (024)83970106, E-mail: pwang@imr.ac.cn

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	ZHAO Yong
	LIU Tengyuan
	JIA Chunni
	YANG Zhendan
	CHEN Xiangjun
	WANG Pei
	LI Dianzhong

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https://www.cjmr.org/EN/10.11901/1005.3093.2023.221 OR https://www.cjmr.org/EN/Y2024/V38/I2/81

Table 1 Drawing process parameters

Fig.1 A two-dimensional axisymmetric model for drawing (a) initial state, (b) deformation process of steel wire

Fig.2 Engineering stress-strain curves with good agreement through the reverse method (a), and true stress-strain curve of the material used for simulation (b)

Fig.3 2D pearlite colony RVE model (a) and experimental and simulated true stress-strain curves (b)

Parameter	Symbol	Value
Elastic moduli	C₁₁	197000 MPa
	C₁₂	134000 MPa
	C₄₄	105000 MPa
Rate sensitivity parameter	n	10 ^[27]
Reference strain rate	$a ˙$	8.74 × 10^-4 s^-1
Burgers vector	b	2.48 × 10^-7 mm ^[28,29]
Dislocation density	g_minter	0.6
evolution coefficient	g_immob	0.035
	g_recov	80
	g_sour	10^-5
Initial dislocation density	ρ_im0	240000 mm^-2
	ρ_m0	240000 mm^-2
Static yield stress	τ_y	120 MPa ^[30,31]
Shear moduli	G	115022 MPa
Interaction coefficient	a_αα	0.8
	a_αβ	0.6

Table 2 Parameters required for crystal plasticity calculation of equivalent pearlite material

Fig.4 Distribution of axial and radial strains on the cross-section of steel wire after drawing (a) and distribution of equivalent strain on the cross-section of steel wire after drawing and selection of microscopic model calculation points (b)

Fig.5 Strain path diagrams of surface and center in steel wire obtained from drawing simulation (a) and time dependent curves of axial and radial strain of surface in steel wire obtained from drawing simulation (b)

Fig.6 Average of two values in RVE of six positions at end time of drawing (a) total cumulative shear strain (γ) on all slip systems, (b) total density of immobile dislocation (IMDD) on all slip systems

Fig.7 Measurement results of Vickers hardness on the cross-section of steel wire

Fig.8 Average von Mises stress over time in micro zone A (a) and comparison of peak von Mises stress at various points in the first pass (b)

Fig.9 Distribution of slip system motion at end of first pass for RVE model corresponding to four points (a) points A and E, (b) points B and D

Fig.10 Schematic diagram of selecting typical grain

Table 3 Distribution of numbers of activated slip systems on representative grains in models A and E

Fig.11 Microscopic response on representative grains at the end of the first pass (a) total cumulative shear strain at point A, (b) total cumulative shear strain at point E, (c) total density of immobile dislocation at point A, and (d) total density of immobile dislocation at point E

Fig.12 Variation of average strength of slip systems on representative grains at points A and E

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