热处理对一种 <strong><i>γʹ</i></strong> 沉淀强化钴基高温合金拉伸性能的影响

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2024.198

材料研究学报

2025, Vol. 39

Issue (3): 198-206 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2024.198

研究论文

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热处理对一种 γʹ 沉淀强化钴基高温合金拉伸性能的影响

张慧芳¹^,², 吴浩¹, 肖传民³, 李奇¹, 谢君¹(

), 李金国¹, 王振江¹, 于金江¹

^1.中国科学院金属研究所沈阳 110016
^2.中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110016
^3.空装驻沈阳地区第三军事代表室沈阳 110016

Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Tensile Properties of a Typical γʹ-strengthened Co-based Superalloy

ZHANG Huifang¹^,², WU Hao¹, XIAO Chuanmin³, LI Qi¹, XIE Jun¹(

), LI Jinguo¹, WANG Zhenjiang¹, YU Jinjiang¹

^1.Shi -changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
^2.School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
^3.Third Military Representative Room in Shenyang Area Air Force Equipment, Shenyang 110016, China

引用本文:

张慧芳, 吴浩, 肖传民, 李奇, 谢君, 李金国, 王振江, 于金江. 热处理对一种 γʹ 沉淀强化钴基高温合金拉伸性能的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2025, 39(3): 198-206.
Huifang ZHANG, Hao WU, Chuanmin XIAO, Qi LI, Jun XIE, Jinguo LI, Zhenjiang WANG, Jinjiang YU. Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Tensile Properties of a Typical γʹ-strengthened Co-based Superalloy[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2025, 39(3): 198-206.

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摘要:

对一种典型的γʹ沉淀强化钴基高温合金进行热处理并表征其组织，研究了热处理对这种合金的组织和室温、高温拉伸性能的影响。结果表明：这种合金的铸态组织由γ基体、γʹ相、MC碳化物、γ/γʹ共晶及M₃B₂硼化物组成；固溶和时效热处理后合金中的γ/γʹ共晶消失，M₃B₂硼化物回溶，基体中析出尺寸均匀的γʹ相；与铸态相比，热处理态合金的室温拉伸强度降低，但是其塑性略有提高。热处理态合金950 ℃的强度和塑性均有一定的提高；铸态和热处理态合金的室温拉伸均呈解离断裂特征，高温拉伸断裂机制均为微孔聚集型的韧性断裂。

关键词 ：金属材料, 钴基高温合金, 组织特征, 热处理, 拉伸性能

Abstract：

A typical γʹ-strengthened Co-based superalloy was focused on in this research, and various characterization methods were employed to investigate the microstructure of the as-cast alloy. Subsequently, a heat treatment regime was developed based on the characteristics of the as-cast microstructure, and the effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and room temperature/high-temperature tensile properties of the alloy was assessed. The results showed that: the microstructure of the as-cast alloy consisted of γ matrix, γʹ phases, MC carbides, γ/γʹ eutectic and M₃B₂ borides. After solution and aging heat treatments, the γ/γʹ eutectic disappeared, and the M₃B₂ borides were mostly dissolved, with uniformly sized γ′ phases precipitating in the matrix. In comparison to the as-cast alloy, the room temperature tensile strength of the heat-treated alloy decreased, but plasticity slightly improved. Tensile tensile at 950 °C showed that the strength and plasticity of the heat-treated alloy were improved to some extent. Both the as-cast and heat-treated alloys exhibited a characteristic of cleavage fracture during room temperature tensile testing, while the fracture mechanism under high-temperature tensile conditions was a ductile fracture of the micropore aggregation type.

Key words： metallic materials Co-based superalloy microstructure characteristics heat treatment tensile properties

收稿日期: 2024-05-08

ZTFLH:

TG132.32

基金资助:国家重点研发计划(2023YFB3712003);国家科技重大专项(J2019-VI-0018-0133);中国航发自主创新专项资金项目(ZZCX-2022-040);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2020198)

通讯作者: 谢君，项目研究员，junxie@imr.ac.cn，研究方向为高温合金及其粉体制备技术

Corresponding author: XIE Jun, Tel: (024)23978341, E-mail: junxie@imr.ac.cn

作者简介: 张慧芳，女，1998年生，硕士生

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2024.198 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2025/V39/I3/198

图1 拉伸试样的加工示意图

图2 铸态合金的OM组织

表1 铸态合金中析出相的EPMA结果

图3 铸态组织EBSD相的鉴别

图4 铸态合金中枝晶干和枝晶间区域γʹ相的形貌

图5 铸态合金的DSC升温曲线

图6 在不同温度初熔后合金的SEM图像

图7 合金的铸态组织、1120 ℃/3 h固溶处理后的组织以及1120 ℃/6 h固溶处理后的组织

图8 合金的热处理过程

图9 完全热处理后合金的组织

表2 不同状态合金在不同拉伸条件下的力学性能

图10 铸态合金在不同温度拉伸断口的形貌

图11 合金在不同温度热处理态的拉伸断口形貌

图12 铸态合金在不同温度拉伸断裂后近断口区域的纵截面形貌

图13 热处理态合金在不同温度拉伸断裂后近断口区域纵截面的形貌

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