低碳钢管道中的应力及其超声法测量

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2025.135

材料研究学报

2026, Vol. 40

Issue (2): 136-142 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2025.135

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

低碳钢管道中的应力及其超声法测量

于鹏¹, 杨理践¹(

), 郑文学¹, 杨亮¹^,²

^1.沈阳工业大学信息科学与工程学院沈阳 110870
^2.中国科学院金属研究所沈阳 110016

Stress Measurement of Low Carbon Steel Pipe by Ultrasonic Method

YU Peng¹, YANG Lijian¹(

), ZHENG Wenxue¹, YANG Liang¹^,²

^1.School of Information Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
^2.Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China

引用本文:

于鹏, 杨理践, 郑文学, 杨亮. 低碳钢管道中的应力及其超声法测量[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(2): 136-142.
Peng YU, Lijian YANG, Wenxue ZHENG, Liang YANG. Stress Measurement of Low Carbon Steel Pipe by Ultrasonic Method[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2026, 40(2): 136-142.

全文: PDF(4151 KB) HTML

摘要:

根据低碳钢管道是横向各向同性材料和声弹性，用双波法测量管道的轴向应力并建立了双波法的应力-声时方程。将S变换与互相关相结合克服了声波对低应力区域敏感度不高而提高了时间测量的精度。用单波法和双波法对比测量了厚度为13 mm、外径为168 mm的低碳钢管道的轴向压应力。结果表明，双波法比单波法的线性度更好，测出的应力准确性提高约3%。

关键词 ：材料力学, 管道应力, 声弹性, 双波法, 精度

Abstract：

Aiming to practical engineering applications, a quantitative non-destructive testing of stress within the elastic zone of low-carbon steel pipelines was tentatively studied via ultrasonic. Herewith, a two-wave method for measuring the the axial stress of pipes was proposed by taking the transverse isotropic characteristics and acoustic elasticity of low-carbon steel pipe materials into consideration,while the stress-acoustic time equation of the two-wave method was also established. Further, a method combining S-transform and cross-correlation is proposed to overcome the problem related with the low sensitivity of sound waves to low-stress regions so that to improve the accuracy of time measurement. Next, the axial compressive stress of a low-carbon steel pipes of 13 mm in thickness and 168 mm in outer diameter was measured by single-wave method and the double-wave method comparatively. The results proved that the double-wave method could achieve better linearity than the single-wave method, and the accuracy of stress measurement was improved by approximately 3%.

Key words： material mechanics pipe stress acoustoelasticity double-wave method accuracy

收稿日期: 2025-04-09

ZTFLH:

TG113.25+5

基金资助:国家重点研发计划(2023YFF0615300)

通讯作者: 杨理践，教授，18909837848@163.com，研究方向为金属管道检测

Corresponding author: YANG Lijian, Tel: 18909837848, E-mail: 18909837848@163.com

作者简介: 于鹏，男，1988年生，博士

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2025.135 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2026/V40/I2/136

图1 实验装置

图2 低碳钢的组织

图3 初始波形

图4 S变换互相关计算示意图

表1 声时方法结果的对比

图5 声时方法的对比

表2 声时-应力表

图6 纵波声时-应力关系

图7 SH横波声时-应力关系

图8 单波线性拟合

图9 双波线性拟合

表3 实测应力数据

图10 SH横纵波的比较

图11 实测应力线性度的对比

图12 误差测量结果的对比

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