<strong>Mg</strong>含量对铝空气电池阳极放电性能的影响

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2025.085

材料研究学报

2026, Vol. 40

Issue (2): 127-135 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2025.085

研究论文

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Mg含量对铝空气电池阳极放电性能的影响

孟阿聪¹, 孙耀宁¹(

), 吴普¹, 魏宁¹, Kashif Naseem²

^1.新疆大学机械工程学院乌鲁木齐 830017
^2.湖南人文科技学院材料与环境工程学院娄底 417000

Effect of Mg Content on Discharge Performance of Al-air Battery Anode

MENG Acong¹, SUN Yaoning¹(

), WU Pu¹, WEI Ning¹, Kashif Naseem²

^1.School of Mechanical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China
^2.School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hunan University of Humanities Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, China

引用本文:

孟阿聪, 孙耀宁, 吴普, 魏宁, Kashif Naseem. Mg含量对铝空气电池阳极放电性能的影响[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(2): 127-135.
Acong MENG, Yaoning SUN, Pu WU, Ning WEI, Naseem Kashif. Effect of Mg Content on Discharge Performance of Al-air Battery Anode[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2026, 40(2): 127-135.

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摘要:

进行微合金化将Ga、In、Sn和Mg元素添加到高纯Al (4N)中，测定Al合金阳极在4.0 mol/L NaOH溶液中的电化学、恒流放电和析氢速率，研究了Mg元素对Al-Ga-In-Sn合金空气电池阳极性能的影响。结果表明，添加的Ga、In、Sn和Mg元素生成的第二相或弥散在Al基体中。铝合金阳极的极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱表明，Mg可使晶粒细化和增加第二相的数量密度，且使Al-Ga-In-Sn-Mg合金的耐腐蚀性提高。晶粒细化提高了铝合金阳极微观结构的均匀性，晶界能提高合金的耐腐蚀性能。Mg含量为0.1%的合金其放电性能最佳，放电电压为1.5113 V时放电容量为2153 mA/cm²，阳极效率为72.26%。

关键词 ：金属材料, 阳极效率, 析氢腐蚀, 第二相

Abstract：

The effect of Mg amount on the performance of Al-Ga-In-Sn alloys as anode for Al-air battery was investigated. The Al-Ga-In-Sn-Mg alloy was prepared by adding trace amount of elements Ga, In, Sn, and Mg to alloy the high-purity Al (4N). The added trace elements mainly contribute to the formation of second phases or precipitates in the Al matrix. As anode material, the electrochemical properties of the Al-Ga-In-Sn-Mg alloy in 4.0 mol/L NaOH solution were assessed by polarization curve measurement, electrochemical impedance spectra, and hydrogen evolution measurement. The results confirm that Mg has the effect of refining the grains and increasing the quantity of the second phase in the Al-alloy. Meanwhile, the corrosion resistance of the Al-Ga-In-Sn-Mg alloy has been improved. The grain refinement enhances the uniformity of the anodic microstructure of the Al-alloy, and the grain boundaries can play a role in hindering corrosion. The Al-Ga-In-Sn-Mg alloy shows an optimal discharge performance when the Mg content is 0.1%. Its discharge voltage is 1.5113 V, its discharge capacity is 2153 mA/cm², and its anode efficiency is 72.26%.

Key words： metallic materials anode efficiency hydrogen precipitation corrosion second phase

收稿日期: 2025-02-25

ZTFLH:

TQ152

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(52461022);新疆大学优秀博士生创新项目(XJU2023BS052)

通讯作者: 孙耀宁，教授，synxju2024@163.com，研究方向为新能源材料

Corresponding author: SUN Yaoning, Tel: 15026000615, E-mail: synxju2024@163.com

作者简介: 孟阿聪，女，1997年生，博士生

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2025.085 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2026/V40/I2/127

表1 铝-空气电池阳极的成分

图1 电池放电测试系统示意图

图2 (1~3号)铝合金的XRD谱

图3 1~3号试样的OM和SEM图像

图4 图3b2中的EDS分析结果

图5 电流密度为10、30和50 mA/cm2时铝合金的放电曲线及其阳极效率

表2 铝合金阳极的放电性能

图6 铝合金阳极的析氢腐蚀

图7 铝合金阳极的电化学曲线OCP和极化曲线

表3 1~3号试样的电化学参数

图8 铝合金阳极的Nyquist EIS图

表4 铝合金阳极的电化学阻抗谱

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