等离子喷涂原位构筑<strong>MAX</strong>相增强复合涂层及其高温摩擦磨损性能研究

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2024.361

材料研究学报

2026, Vol. 40

Issue (10): 781-791 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2024.361

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

等离子喷涂原位构筑MAX相增强复合涂层及其高温摩擦磨损性能研究

洪欢欢, 杨盼盼, 桂翔, 刘侠, 杨阳(

), 杨康, 张世宏(

)

安徽工业大学先进金属材料绿色制备与表面技术教育部重点实验室马鞍山 243002

In Situ Construction of MAX-phase Reinforced Composite Coatings by Plasma Spraying and Their High-temperature Friction and Wear Properties

HONG Huanhuan, YANG Panpan, GUI Xiang, LIU Xia, YANG Yang(

), YANG Kang, ZHANG Shihong(

)

Key Laboratory of Green Fabrication and Surface Technology of Advanced Metal Materials, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243002, China

引用本文:

洪欢欢, 杨盼盼, 桂翔, 刘侠, 杨阳, 杨康, 张世宏. 等离子喷涂原位构筑MAX相增强复合涂层及其高温摩擦磨损性能研究[J]. 材料研究学报, 2026, 40(10): 781-791.
Huanhuan HONG, Panpan YANG, Xiang GUI, Xia LIU, Yang YANG, Kang YANG, Shihong ZHANG. In Situ Construction of MAX-phase Reinforced Composite Coatings by Plasma Spraying and Their High-temperature Friction and Wear Properties[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2026, 40(10): 781-791.

全文: PDF(21612 KB) HTML

摘要:

以MAX相为研究对象，针对MAX相喷涂涂层在制备过程中容易分解的难题，选择Ti、Al、石墨粉末为原料，通过离心雾化干燥、烧结造粒和等离子体喷涂，设计制备Ti-Al-C系复合涂层，在制备过程中原位生成部分MAX相。本文选择9组正交实验，主要研究喷涂工艺对涂层组织结构、力学性能和高温摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明，得益于MAX相和TiC等陶瓷相，优化后的涂层具有比基体更高的硬度，且具有优异的结合强度。高温摩擦磨损结果显示，涂层具有比基体更低的磨损率，且摩擦磨损温度越高，涂层的磨损防护效果越显著，可能与高温促进相转变或MAX相进一步生成有关。700 ℃时，Ti-Al-C系中C2涂层磨损率相比于基体降低了98.9%。涂层在反复磨损后，涂层中的Ti _x Al _y 、Ti₂AlC等发生摩擦烧结氧化，在磨损表面形成釉面层，摩擦过程中对摩材料发生了材料转移，复合涂层的摩擦磨损机制为氧化磨损、粘着磨损和疲劳磨损。

关键词 ：材料表面与界面, 等离子喷涂, 原位生成, MAX相, 复合涂层, 高温摩擦磨损

Abstract：

This study focuses on MAX phases and addresses the challenge of their decomposition during the construction of sprayed coatings. Ti, Al, and graphite powders were selected as raw materials to design and construct Ti-Al-C reinforced composite coatings, in which a portion of the MAX phase was formed in situ through centrifugal atomization drying, sintering granulation, and plasma spraying. A nine-group orthogonal experimental design was employed to systematically investigate the effects of spray parameters on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and high-temperature tribological performance of the coatings. The results revealed that, due to the presence of MAX phases and ceramic phases, such as TiC, the optimized coatings exhibit higher hardness than that of the substrate and excellent bonding strength. High-temperature friction and wear tests revealed that the coatings exhibit significantly lower wear rates than those of the substrate, and the wear resistance improves with increasing temperature. This enhancement is likely attributed to temperature-induced phase transformations or the further formation of MAX phases. At 700 ^oC, the wear rate of the C2 coating in the Ti-Al-C system is 98.9% lower than that of the substrate. After repeated wear, phases such as Ti _x Al _y and Ti₂AlC in the coating undergo friction-induced sintering and oxidation, thereby forming a glazed layer on the worn surface. During sliding, material transfer occurs between the coating and the counterface. The dominant wear mechanisms of the composite coating are identified as oxidative, adhesive, and fatigue wear.

Key words： surface and interface in the materials plasma spraying in situ formation MAX phase composite coating high-temperature wear

收稿日期: 2025-09-16

ZTFLH:

TG148

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(U22A20110);安徽省自然科学基金(2308085Y33)

通讯作者: 杨阳，教授，yangyang@ahut.edu.cn，研究方向为金属表面涂层与表界面理论计算；
张世宏，教授，shzhang@ahut.edu.cn，研究方向为金属表面涂层

Corresponding author: YANG Yang, Tel: 18855570497, E-mail: yangyang@ahut.edu.cn;
ZHANG Shihong, Tel: (0555)2311730, E-mail: shzhang@ahut.edu.cn

作者简介: 洪欢欢，男，1999年生，硕士

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https://www.cjmr.org/CN/10.11901/1005.3093.2024.361 或 https://www.cjmr.org/CN/Y2026/V40/I10/781

图1 Ti-Al-C粉末和涂层的制备过程示意图

表1 NiCrAlY和Ti-Al-C涂层大气等离子喷涂参数

图2 粉末SEM形貌图和XRD图谱

图3 Ti-Al-C涂层XRD图谱

图4 Ti-Al-C涂层微观截面形貌

表2 不同喷涂参数制备Ti-Al-C涂层截面不同区域EDS数据

图5 B3涂层的Ti 2p、Al 2p和C 1s区域的XPS谱图

图6 基体及Ti-Al-C涂层的显微硬度

图7 Ti-Al-C涂层结合强度

图8 基体和Ti-Al-C涂层的摩擦系数曲线和磨损率

图9 基体和Ti-Al-C涂层磨损表面形貌

表3 基体和Ti-Al-C涂层磨损表面的EDS结果

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