激光熔覆CoCrFeNiSi x 高熵合金涂层的耐磨和耐蚀性能

doi:10.11901/1005.3093.2023.562

材料研究学报

2024, Vol. 38

Issue (10): 741-750 DOI: 10.11901/1005.3093.2023.562

研究论文

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激光熔覆CoCrFeNiSi _x 高熵合金涂层的耐磨和耐蚀性能

张泽疆, 李新梅(

)

新疆大学机械工程学院乌鲁木齐 830000

Wear and Corrosion Resistance of Laser Cladding CoCrFeNiSi _x High Entropy Alloy Coating

ZHANG Zejiang, LI Xinmei(

)

School of Mechanical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830000, China

引用本文:

张泽疆, 李新梅. 激光熔覆CoCrFeNiSi _x 高熵合金涂层的耐磨和耐蚀性能[J]. 材料研究学报, 2024, 38(10): 741-750.
Zejiang ZHANG, Xinmei LI. Wear and Corrosion Resistance of Laser Cladding CoCrFeNiSi _x High Entropy Alloy Coating[J]. Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 2024, 38(10): 741-750.

全文: PDF(18766 KB) HTML

摘要:

在40Cr表面激光熔覆CoCrFeNiSi _x (x = 0.2，0.6，1)高熵合金涂层，分析其物相、显微组织、硬度并测试了摩擦磨损和电化学腐蚀性能，研究了Si元素对高熵合金涂层的相结构、组织和性能的影响。结果表明：随着Si元素的增加涂层从单一面心立方结构转变为面心立方和硅化物σ相结构，最后转变为面心立方、体心立方和σ相结构。涂层的显微组织由等轴晶转变为柱状晶，最后成为树枝晶。随着Si含量的提高涂层的显微硬度随之提高，x = 1的涂层其平均硬度最高(498.92HV)，约为基体的2.52倍。其主要原因是，Si元素的加入导致晶格畸变，引起的固溶强化和涂层中生成的金属间化合物σ相产生了第二相强化。随着Si含量的提高涂层的磨损量减少和平均摩擦系数显著降低，Si含量为1的涂层摩擦系数约为0.309。在总体上，涂层的主要磨损机制由黏着磨损、分层磨损向磨粒磨损演变，耐磨性能明显提高。在3.5%NaCl溶液中，这种涂层的耐蚀性能随着Si含量的提高而提高，Si含量为1的涂层，其耐蚀性能最好。

关键词 ：金属材料, 高熵合金, 激光熔覆, 微观结构, 耐磨性, 耐腐蚀性

Abstract：

A high entropy alloy CoCrFeNiSi _x (x = 0.2, 0.6, 1) coating was deposited onto 40Cr steel surface by means of laser cladding technique. The phase composition, microstructure, hardness, friction and wear behavior, as well as electrochemical corrosion properties of the coating in 3.5%NaCl solution were systematically investigated with emphasis on the effect of Si element on the high entropy alloy coating. Results reveal that with the increasing in Si content, the high entropy alloy coatings experienced transformation of phase composition from single face-centered cubic structure to face-centered cubic structure with silicide σ phase and finally to face-centered cubic structure with body-centered cubic structure and σ phase. The microstructure of the coating evolves from equiaxial to columnar and dendritic morphology. The microhardness of the coating increases with the increasing Si content; when x = 1, it reaches the maximum value 498.92HV, which is about 2.52 times higher than that of the substrate, which may be due to solid solution strengthening caused by lattice distortion induced by Si addition and second-phase strengthening resulting from intermetallic compound σ phase formation within the coating matrix. Moreover, with the increasing Si content, the wear rate and average friction coefficient reduced gradually; when x = 1, the friction coefficient decreases significantly to around 0.309, indicating that the improved tribological performance mainly attributed to changes in wear mechanism from adhesive wear or delamination wear towards abrasive, so that the wear resistance is enhanced under dry sliding conditions. The corrosion resistance of alloy coatings in 3.5%NaCl solution is also improved gradually with the increasing Si content, reaching its optimum value by x = 1.

Key words： metallic materials high entropy alloy laser cladding microstructure wear resistance corrosion resistance

收稿日期: 2023-11-24

ZTFLH:

TG174.4

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(52161017);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2022D01C386)

通讯作者: 李新梅，教授，lxmxj@126.com，研究方向为材料表面改性技术

Corresponding author: LI Xinmei, Tel: 13699372889, E-mail: lxmxj@126.com

作者简介: 张泽疆，男，1999年生，硕士生

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图1 CoCrFeNiSi x (x = 0.2，0.6，1)高熵合金涂层的XRD谱

图2 CoCrFeNiSi x (x = 0.2，0.6，1)高熵合金的微观组织形貌

表1 CoCrFeNiSi x (x = 0.2，0.6，1)涂层测试点的EDS分析

图3 CoCrFeNiSi x (x = 0.2，0.6，1)合金涂层的Mapping图

图4 CoCrFeNiSi x (x = 0.2，0.6，1)合金涂层的显微硬度

图5 基体和涂层的摩擦磨损曲线

图6 基体和涂层的平均摩擦系数

图7 40Cr基体和CoCrFeNiSi x (x = 0.2，0.6，1)合金涂层的磨损轮廓曲线、磨损截面面积

图8 基体和涂层的磨损体积和磨损率

图9 基体和涂层的磨痕形貌

图10 基体和涂层在3.5%NaCl溶液中的极化曲线

表2 基体和不同Si含量涂层的电化学参数

图11 基体和不同Si含量涂层的电化学阻抗谱和等效电路

表3 基体和涂层的电化学阻抗拟合结果

图12 基体和涂层在3.5%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀形貌

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